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Alabama  Anthropological  Society 

-MONTGOMERY,  ALABAMA— 


HANDBOOK 


OF  THE 


ALABAMA  ANTHROPOLOGICAL 
SOCIETY 


1910 


COMPILED    BY 

THOMAS  M.  OWEN,  LL.  D., 
President 


Alabama  Anthropological  Society 

MONTGOMERY,  ALABAMA' 


HANDBOOK 


OF  THE 


ALABAMA  ANTHROPOLOGICAL 
SOCIETY 


1910 


COMPILED    BY 

THOMAS  M.  OWEN,  LL.  D., 
President 


MONTGOMERY,     ALABAMA 

THE  BROWN  PRINTING  co.,   STATE  PRINTERS  AND  BINDERS 

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PREFATORY  NOTE. 


In  order  to  set  forth  with  definiteness  and  fullness  the  work 
and  aspirations  of  the  Alabama  Anthropological  Society,  and 
to  afford  a  preliminary  working  guide  to  collectors,  collections 
and  prehistoric  works'  in  Alabama,  this  HANDBOOK  is  issued. 
It  makes  no  pretentions,  and  yet  it  will  doubtless  be  found  of 
practical  service  by  those  interested  in  the  researches,  investi 
gations  and  studies  engaging  the  members  of  the  Society. 

April  12,  1910. 


(3) 


909074 


CONTENTS. 

Prefatory  note 3 

Contents 4 

Constitution 5 

Officers'  and  Committees,  1910 7 

I.     Alabama   Anthropological    Society 9 

(1)  Organization    —   9 

(2)  Work  of  1909  10 

(3)  Outline  of  Meetings  for  1910 11 

(4)  Members  __   12 

II.     Collectors  and  Collections 17 

III.     Indian  Mounds  and  Pre-historic  Works  in  Alabama  36 

Index  .  59 


(4) 


CONSTITUTION. 


ARTICLE  I.— Name. 

1.  The  name  of  this  organization  shall  be  the  "Alabama  Anthro 
pological  Society." 

ARTICLE  II.— Objects. 

2.  Its  objects  shall  be  the  promotion  of  anthropological  study  and 
research. 

ARTICLE  III.—  Members. 

3.  Membership  in  the  Society  shall  be  (1)  active;    (2)   associate; 
and   (3)    honorary. 

4.  Active  members  shall  be  limited  to  twelve  in  number,  who  shall 
be  residents  of  the  city  of  Montgomery,  and  in  them  shall  be  vested 
the  sole  control  of  the  affairs  of  the  Society. 

5.  Associate  members  shall  include  such  persons  as  may  be  elect 
ed  to  this  class,  but  they  shall  not  participate  in  the  government 
or   control   of  the    Society;    and   upon    payment   of  prescribed   dues 
they  shall  be  entitled  to  all  publications  which  may  be  issued. 

6.  Honorary  members  shall  embrace  persons  .distinguished  in  his 
torical,  literary  or  scientific  attainments. 

7.  Members  may  be  elected  at  any  meeting  of  the  Society,  and 
the  unanimous  vote  of  the  entire  active  membership  shall  be  nec 
essary  to  a  choice. 

ARTICLE  IV. — Officers  and  Committees. 

8.  (1)     The  officers  shall  be  a  president,  a  vice-president,  a  sec 
retary  and  a  treasurer. 

(2)  They  shall  be  elected  at  the  annual  meeting,  and  shall 
serve  for  one  year,  or  until  their  successors  are  elected. 

(3)  Their  duties  shall  be  such  as  usually  pertain  to  these  po 
sitions,  except  as  may  be  specially  hereafter  provided. 

9.  (1)    There  shall  be  an  executive  committee,  to  consist  of  the 
four  above  named  officers;  and  also  the  following  standing  commit 
tees   each   to   be   appointed    annually   by   the   president,   viz:      Field 
exploration,  Collections  and  relics,  Publicity,  and  Promotion  of  An 
thropological  study  in  Alabama  schools  and  colleges. 

(2)  Each  committee  shall  consist  of  four  members,  of  which 
an   officer  of  the   Society  shall  be  one.     In  addition  the  president 
shall  be  ex-officio  a  member  of  all  committees. 

(3)  The  executive  committee  shall  have  general  control  and 
supervision  of  the  work  of  the  Society  not  specially  provided  for, 
it  shall   arrange  and  submit  at  each   annual  meeting  a  course   of 

(5) 


6  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

study  for  the  next  ensuing  year,  and  shall  prepare  and  issue  its 
publications. 

(4)  All  other  committees   shall  perform  such  duties  as  are 
implied  in  their  titles. 

(5)  All  committees  shall  report  annually  in  writing,  or  oftener 
as  may  be  required. 

ARTICLE  V. — Meetings. 

10.  An  annual  meeting  of  the  Society  shall  be  held  in  the  city 
of  Montgomery,  Alabama,  in  December  of  each  year,  at  which  time 
officers  shall  be  elected,  a  course  of  study  and  work  for  the  ensuing 
year  adopted,  and   annual  reports  shall  be  made  by  the  president, 
the  secretary,  the  treasurer,  and  all  committees. 

11.  There  shall  be  held,  in  addition,  one  regular  meeting  each 
month,  at  such  time  and  place  as  may  be  previously  agreed  upon, 
and  at  such  monthly  meeting  papers  may  be  presented  and  discus 
sions  had  on  subjects  or  topics  of  interest  to  the  Society,  and  at 
such  time  any  necessary  business  may  be  transacted. 

12.  At   the   annual   meeting,   seven   members  shall    constitute   a 
quorum;    and   at   monthly   meetings   five  members  shall   constitute 
a  quorum. 

ARTICLE  VI.— Dues. 

13.  The  annual  dues  of  active  members  shall  be  six  dollars,  pay 
able  monthly. 

14.  Associate  members  shall  pay  two  dollars  annually,  prior  to 
Dec.  1st  each  year. 

ARTICLE  VII.— Amendments. 

15.  This  constitution  may  be  amended  at  any  annual  meeting  by 
a  3-4  vote  of  the  total  active  members,  or  at  any  monthly  meeting 
by  a  unanimous  vote  of  the  entire  active  membership. 


ALABAMA  ANTHROPOLOGICAL   SOCIETY. 


OFFICERS  AND  COMMITTEES,  1910. 


OFFICERS. 

(The  officers  elected  on  organization  in  1909,  were  re-elected  for 
1910.  The  curator  is  not  provided  by  the  Constitution.  This  offi 
cer  was  elected  at  the  annual  meeting,  Dec.  21,  1909,  under  the  gen 
eral  powers  inhering  in  the  organization.) 

President 

Thomas  McAdory  Owen,  LL.  D.,  Montgomery,  Alabama. 

Vice- President 
Herbert  Bemerton  Battle,  Ph.  D.,  Montgomery. 

Secretary 

Peter  Alexander  Brannon,  Montgomery. 

Treasurer 

Buckner  Beasley,  Montgomery. 

Curator  of  Collections 

Henry  Sale  Halbert,  Montgomery. 

COMMITTEES. 

(The  president  is  ex-officio  a  member  of  all  committees.) 

Field  exploration, — Buckner  Beasley,  Chairman,  J.  Y. 
Brame,  Jr.,  Samuel  M.  Englehardt. 

Collections  and  relics, — E.  C.  Horton,  Chairman,  H.  S.  Hal 
bert,  Peter  A.  Brannon,  J.  Y.  Brame,  Jr. 

Promotion  of  Anthropological  study  in  Alabama  schools  and 
colleges,—].  T.  Letcher,  Chairman,  Dr.  H.  B.  Battle,  John  E. 
Scott,  P.  A.  Brannon. 

Publicity,— D.  M.  Andrews,  Chairman,  Dr.  H.  B.  Battle, 
J.  T.  Letcher,  John  E.  Scott. 


I.    ALABAMA  ANTHROPOLOG 
ICAL   SOCIETY. 


(1)     ORGANIZATION. 

The  organization  of  the  Alabama  Anthropological  Society 
grew  out  of  several  conferences  in  the  spring  of  1909  between 
Dr.  Thomas  M.  Owen,  Director  of  the  Alabama  State  Depart 
ment  of  Archives  and  History,  Mr.  Peter  A.  Brannon,  long  an 
interested  student  and  collector,  and  Prof.  Henry  S.  Halbert, 
an  authority  on  the  Aboriginal  history  of  the  lower  South. 
The  need  of  some  agency,  broadly  projected,  through  which 
students  might  be  brought  together  for  study  and  research,  in 
an  orderly  and  systematic  way,  seemed  so  urgent,  that  a  plan 
of  organization  was  outlined.  Later  conferences  were  held 
with  others  interested,  notably  those  subsequently  enrolled. 

A  preliminary  meeting  for  organization  was  held  at  the  res 
idence  of  Dr.  Owen,  No.  1,  North  Jackson  street,  Montgom 
ery,  May  13,  1909.  There  were  present  Dr.  Herbert  B.  Battle, 
Prof.  Henry  S.  Halbert,  Peter  A.  Brannon,  Buckner  Beasley, 
Edgar  C.  Horton  and  Dr.  Owen.  Although  not  present,  four 
others,  J.  T.  Letcher,  Will  T.  Sheehan,  J.  H.  Paterson  and 
Sidney  Shulein,  having  signified  their  desire  for  participation, 
were  enrolled.  Dr.  Owen  presided,  and  Mr.  Brannon  acted  as 
secretary. 

After  a  full  discussion,  the  formation  of  a  society  was  for 
mally  agreed  upon ;  and  ofBcers  were  elected :  President, 
Dr.  Thomas  M.  Owen;  Vice-president,  Dr.  Herbert  B.  Battle, 
Secretary,  Peter  A.  Brannon ;  and  Treasurer,  Buckner  Beasley. 
The  officers  were  named  as  a  committee  to  submit  a  constitu 
tion  and  plan  of  work. 

At  a  subsequent  meeting,  May  27,  held  with  Dr.  Owen,  at 
which  the  original  members,  and  also  J.  T.  Letcher,  were  pres 
ent,  a  constitution  was  adopted.  (See  hereinbefore  for  copy) 
The  name  "Alabama  Anthropological  Society"  was  agreed 
upon  unanimously.  The  selection  of  this  name,  rather  than  one 
restricting  work  to  narrower  limits,  indicates1  the  feeling  and 
aspiration  of  the  members. 

The  plan  of  organization  involves  monthly  and  annual  meet 
ings.  The  monthly  meetings  are  for  the  presentation  of  pa- 

(9) 


10  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

pers,  the  discussion  of  topics  of  interest  to  the  Society,  the 
exhibition  of  specimens,  etc.,  etc.  At  the  annual  meetings, 
to  be  held  in  December  each  year,  officers  are  to  be  elected,  a 
course  of  study  and  work  for  the  ensuing  year  adopted,  and 
reports  are  to  be  made  by  officers  and  committees. 

The  executive  committee  consists  of  the  four  officers  of  the 
Society.  Four  standing  committees  are  to>  be  appointed  an 
nually  by  the  president,  to  consist  of  four  members  each, 
namely,  Field  exploration,  Collections  and  relics',  Publicity,  and 
Promotion  of  Anthropological  study  in  Alabama  schools  and 
colleges. 

Membership  is  active,  associate,  and  honorary.  The  sole 
control  of  the  affairs  of  the  Society  is  in  the  active  members. 

(2)     WORK  OF  1909. 

The  first  year's  work  of  the  Society  showed  marked  interest, 
and  witnessed  great  enthusiasm  on  the  part  of  members. 
Nine  meetings,  including  the  annual  meeting,  were  held. 
Some  of  those  who  assisted  in  the  organization,  finding  them 
selves  unable  to  give  the  devoted  attention  demanded,  dropped 
out,  and  others  were  added.  Great  care  has  been  exercised  in 
the  selection  of  new  names. 

The  work  of  the  Society  has  been  intensive  from  the  begin 
ning.  After  perfecting  plans  and  details,  a  course  of  study 
for  the  remainder  of  the  year  was  agreed  upon.  As  an  ap 
propriate  beginning  the  president  gave  the  first  paper  on 
"Opportunities  for  Anthropological  study  and  research  in  Ala 
bama,"  in  which  was  outlined  what  should  be  done  by  mem 
bers,  in  mound  exploration,  the  location  and  identification  of 
town  and  village  sites,  the  building  up  of  a  collection  of  mate 
rials  for  study,  etc.,  etc. 

Details  of  the  entire  series  of  1909  meetings  follow : 

May  13,  1909.  Discussion  and  Preliminary  organization. 
Host:  Dr.  Thomas  M.  Owen. 

May  27.  Final  organization ;  adoption  of  constitution. 
Host:  Dr.  Owen. 

June  22.  Discussion ;  completion  of  further  details  of  or 
ganization.  Host:  Peter  A.  Brannon. 

Aug.  5  (July  meeting.)  Paper  by  Dr.  Owen:  "Opportun 
ities  for  Anthropological  study  and  research  in  Alabama. 
Host:  J.  Haygood  Paterson. 

Aug.  24.  Paper  by  Prof.  H.  S.  Halbert :  "The  Archae 
ology  of  the  Gulf  region  East  of  the  Mississippi  River." 
Host:  Buckner  Beasley. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL   SOCIETY.  ;Q 

Sept.  23.  Paper  by  J.  T.  Letcher :  ''Indian  Mounds  of  Ma- 
con  County,  Alabama."  Host :  Mr.  Letcher. 

Oct.  26.  Paper  by  Peter  A.  Brannon:  "Dress  of  the 
Early  Indians  of  Alabama."  Host :  Peter  A.  Brannon. 

Nov.  23.  Paper  by  Mr.  Buckner  Beasley :  "Aboriginal 
objects  from  the  vicinity  of  Montgomery."  Host:  Mr.  Beas- 
ley. 

Dec.  21.  Annual  meeting;  election  of  officers ;  reports  of 
officers  and  committees ;  discussion  of  plans ;  and  adoption 
of  a  course  of  study  for  1910.  Paper  by  Dr.  H.  B.  Battle: 
"The  Mortars  of  the  Southern  Indians."  Host :  Dr.  Battle. 

(3)     OUTLINE  OF  MEETINGS  FOR  1910. 

January  meeting,  1910.  Paper:  The  Indian  Tribes  of  Ala 
bama  :  a  discussion  of  their  habitats  and  their  intertribal  and 
federal  relations.  By  Dr.  Thomas  M.  Owen. 

February  meeting.    Paper:  Indian  beads.     By  J.  Y.  Brame, 

Jr. 

March  meeting.  Paper :  Some  domestic  implements  of 
the  Southern  Indians.  By  D.  M.  Andrews. 

April  Meeting.  Paper :  Indian  agricultural  implements. 
By  Edgar  C.  Horton. 

May  meeting.  Paper:  Indian  boats  and  other  water- 
craft.  By  Prof.  Henry  S.  Halbert. 

June  meeting.  Paper:  Indian  hunting  and  fishing.  By  J. 
T.  Letcher. 

July  meeting.  Paper:  Pottery  of  the  Indians  of  Ala 
bama.  By  Peter  A.  Brannon. 

August  meeting.  Paper:  An  Indian  workshop  on  the 
Tallapoosa  River.  By  Buckner  Beasley. 

September  meeting.  Paper:  Indian  pipes.  By  Dr.  Her 
bert  B.  Battle. 

October  meeting.  Paper:  Animal  effigies  among  the  In 
dians  of  Alabama.  By  John  E.  Scott. 

November  meeting.  Paper:  Arrow-points  and  spear-heads 
from  Alabama.  By  Samuel  Englehardt. 

December  meeting.  Paper :  Indian  gorgets  and  pendants. 
Not  assigned. 


12  HANDBOOK.   1910. 

(4)     MEMBERS. 

Honorary. 

(All  elected  Dec.  21,  1910.) 
Berlin,    Allen   F.,   Allentown,   Pa. 
Hamilton,   Peter   Joseph,   Mobile,   Ala. 
Hodge,  Frederick  Webb,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Holmes,   William   Henry,  Washington,  D.   C. 
Mooney,  James.  Washington,  D.  C. 
Moore,  Clarence  B.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
Moorehead,  Prof.  Warren  K.,  Andover,  Mass. 
Putnam.  Frederick  W.,  Cambridge,  Miss. 
Street,  Oliver  Day,  Gnntersville,   Ala. 
Smith,  Eugene  Allen,  Ph.  D.,  University,  Ala. 
Swanton,  John  R.,  Washington,  D  .C. 
Thruston,   Gen.   Gates  P..  Nashville,  Tenn. 
Wyman,  Wm.  Stokes,  LL.  D.,  Tuscaloosa,  Ala. 

Associate. 

Dreyspring.  Ernest,  Montgomery,  Ala.,  elected  Jan.  25,  1910. 
Ellsberry,  J.  A.,  Montgomery,  Ala.,  elected  June  22,  1909. 
McCaffrey,  George,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  elected  Feb.  24,  1910. 
McCormick,  J.  H.,  M.  D.,  Mobile,  Ala.,  elected  Jan.  25,  1910. 
Owen.  Thomas  M.,  Jr.,  Montgomery,  Ala.,  elected  Jan.   25,   1910. 
Paterson.  J.  Haygood,  Montgomery,  Ala.,  Oct.  26,  1909. 
Sheehan,  Will  T.,  Montgomery.  Ala.,  elected  Nov.  23,  1909. 
Shulein,   Sidney,  Montgomery,  Ala.,  elected  Nov.   23,   1909. 
Tappey,  Rev.  Francis,  Huntsville.  Ala.,  elected  April  5.  1910. 
Teague,  Robert  S.,  Montgomery.  Ala.,  elected  June  22,  1909. 
Whelpley,  Dr.  II.  M..  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  elected  Sept.  23,  1909. 
Lyon,  Prof.  Scott  Gary,  Anniston,  Ala.,  elected  April   5,  1910. 
McCormack,  Carr,  Quinton,  Ala.,  elected  April  5,  1910. 

Active. 

ANDREWS,  DANIEL  MARSHALL Elected  Sept.  23.  1910. 

Youngest  child  of  Judge  Garnett  and  Annulet  (Ball}  Andrews, 
born  at  Americus,  Ga.,  October  24,  1853;  reared  in  Washington, 
Wilkes  Co..  Ga.,  attended  University  of  Georgia.  School  of  Civil 
Engineering,  1872-74,  but  did  not  graduate  because  of  attack  of 
typhoid  fever;  engaged  in  railroad  engineering  work  in  Ga.  and  S. 
C..  1881-1884;  1884  to  date  (1910)  assistant  engineer,  U.  S.  Engineer 
Department,  engaged  in  river  improvement.  Georgia  and  Alabama; 
member  American  Society  Civil  Engineers,  since  March.  1892;  mem 
ber  National  Geographic  Society,  since  1906;  member  American  As 
sociation  for  the  Advancement  of  Science,  since  Nov.  5,  1908;  per 
manent  Member  International  Association  of  Navigation  Congresses, 
1909;  contributions  to  professional  and  technical  literature:  Stan 
dard  Tests  for  Cements,  submitted  March  3,  1898,  paper  in  response 
to  request  of  committee,  American  Society  Civil  Engineers,  ap 
pointed  to  formulate  standard  tests  for  cements;  discussion  of  paper 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  13 

by  Mr.  R.  C.  McCalla,  M.  Am.  Soc.  C.  E.,  on  the  Improvement  of  the 
Black  Warrior,  Warrior  and  Tombigbee  Rivers  in  Alabama,  1902, 
in  Transactions  American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  Vol.  XLIX; 
Economic  Improvement  of  the  Coosa  and  Alabama  Rivers  in  Geor 
gia  and  Alabama,  1903,  in  Transactions  American  Society  of  Civil 
Engineers,  Vol.  L;  Paper  advocating  the  adoption  of  the  Metric 
system  of  weights  and  measures  in  the  United  States,  in  Engineer 
ing  News,  Jan.  8,  1903;  the  Computation  of  Backwater  above  Dams 
in  Engineering  News,  Nov.  1,  190G;  Foundations  in  the  Coosa  and 
Black  Warrior  Rivers,  Alabama,  in  Professional  Memoirs,  Engineer 
Bureau,  U.  S.  Army,  Oct.-Dec.,  1909;  and  contribution  of  article  on 
cement  tests,  in  Taylor  and  Thompson's  treatise  on  Concrete;  mar 
ried  in  Natchez,  Miss.,  April  20,  1897,  Adeline,  youngest  daughter 
of  Dr.  E.  J.  and  Adeline  (Mitchell)  Van  Court. 

BATTLE,  HERBERT  BEMERTON.  Ph.  D..  Orig.  Mem.  May  13,  1909. 
Fourth  child  of  Dr.  Kemp  Plummer  Battle,  president  Univ.  of  N. 
C.  (1875-1890)  and  wife  Martha  Ann  Battle;  bora  Chapel  Hill,  N. 
C.  May  29,  1862;  educated  in  primary  schools  of  Raleigh,  at  Prof. 
J.  M.  Lovejoy's  and  the  Raleigh  High  School;  graduated  University 
of  North  Carolina,  1881,  with  B.  S.,  and,  in  1887,  with  Ph.  D.  degree, 
member  American  Chemical  Society;  Fellow  American  Association 
Advancement  Science;  honorary  member  of  Association  Official  Ag 
ricultural  Chemists;  charter  member  of  the  N.  C.  Society  of  the  Sons 
of  the  Revolution;  assistant  chemist  in  the  N.  C.  Agricultural  Ex 
periment  Station,  1881-1887;  State  chemist  and  director  of  the  Sta 
tion,  1887-1897;  chemist  N.  C.  State  Board  of  Health;  chemist  N.  C. 
Geological  Survey;  Prof,  chemistry  Leonard  Medical  School,  1886-97; 
organized  the  Southern  Chemical  Co.,  Winston,  N.  C.  1897,  and  pres 
ident  until  1901;  associated  with  Southern  Cotton  Oil  Co.,  Savan 
nah,  Ga..  District  1902-1903,  and  Montgomery,  Ala.,  District  1903- 
1906;  president  of  The  Battle  Laboratory  Corporation,  Analytical 
and  Consulting  Chemists.  Montgomery,  1906-date;  author  of  nu 
merous  papers  in  the  publications  of  the  N.  C.  Agricultural  Exper 
iment  Station;  co-author  of  Battle  and  Dancy's  Chemical  Conver 
sion  Table,  1885,  and  of  Battle  and  Gascoyne's  Chemical  Conversion 
Tables,  1909;  is  a  Presbyterian;  married  Nov.  25,  1885,  Alice  Matilda 
daughter  of  Maj.  James  W.  and  Louise  (Irww)  Wilson,  Pres.  Wes 
tern  N.  C.  Railroad'  and  Chairman  N.  C.  Railroad  Commission. 

BEASLEY,   BUCKNER—  ..Original   Member,   May  13,   1909. 

Second  son  of  James  G.  and  Martha  (Myrick)  Beasley;  born  May 
28,  1881,  at  Marvin,  Russell  county,  Ala.;  early  education  in  Public 
Schools.  Columbus,  Ga.;  attended  Alabama  Polytechnic  Institute, 
Auburn,  1897-1898,  completing  the  Sophomore  Class  work  there;  mar 
ried  Ethel,  daughter  of  William  Martin  and  Elizabeth  (Jackson) 
Teague,  of  Montgomery,  Oct.  14,  1903;  has  been  connected  with 
Teagiie  &  Sons,  wholesale  hardware  dealers,  since  1904;  is  a  Meth 
odist;  member  American  Anthropological  Society  since  1909,  and  of 
American  Historical  Association. 

BRAME,  JAMES  YANCEY,   III Elected  June   22,   1909. 

Second  son  of  James  Yancey  and  Mary  (McG-inney)  Brame;  born 
May  3,  1880,  near  Lowndesboro,  Lowndes  Co.,  Ala.;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Montgomery,  1887,  where  he  received  such  education  as 


14  HANDBOOK,  1910. 

afforded  by  the  public  schools  and  a  more  advanced1  private  institu 
tion;  interest  in  archaeology  dates  from  boyhood  when  fossil  re 
mains  in  abundance,  were  discovered  in  a  field  adjoining  his  father's 
plantation,  which,  in  later  life  led  to  further  researches  along  the 
lower  Alabama  river;  married  Cameron  Rachel,  daughter  of  Capt. 
J.  M.  and  Rachel  (Paterson)  Simpson,  of  Montgomery,  Jan.  20,  1904  r 
is  a  Catholic;  engaged  in  business  at  Brunswick,  Ga.,  1902,  return 
ing  to  Montgomery,  1907,  and  is  now  a  bookkeeper  in  the  First 
National  Bank. 

BRANNON,  PETER  ALEXANDER— Original  Member,  May  13,  1909. 
Oldest  child  of  George  Thomas  and  Stephie  (Greene}  Brannon; 
born  August  30,  1882,  at  Seale,  Russell  County,  Ala.;  received  early 
education  in  Seale  High  School;  college  education  of  two  years 
(1898-1900),  with  a  "special  two  year  certificate"  course  in  phar 
macy,  Alabama  Polytechnical  Institute,  June,  1900;  pharmacist, 
with  E.  C.  Spann,  Druggist,  Montgomery,  Ala.;  member  of  the  Amer 
ican  Anthropological  Association  since  1907;  member,  Alabama 
Pharmaceutical  Association  since  1907;  member  Georgia  Pharma 
ceutical  Association  since  1905;  member  American  Association  for 
the  Advancement  of  Science,  section  H,  one  year,  1908;  licensed  phar 
maceutical  chemist  in  Alabama  since  Sept.  12,  1900,  and  in  Georgia 
since  May  18,  1903;  member  Stonewall  Lodge,  No.  25,  K.  of  P.,  Co 
lumbus,  Ga.,  since  1903;  is  a  Methodist;  and  married  Oct.  5,  1904, 
Frances,  daughter  of  William  Adderson  and  Carrie  (Gray)  Frazer. 
Author:  "Aboriginal  remains  in  the  middle  Chattahoochee  valley 
of  Alabama  and  Georgia,"  in  American  Anthropologist,  Vol.  xi,  No. 
2,  April-June,  1909;  "The  Kyle  mound,"  in  manuscript  in  the  collec 
tions  of  the  Bureau  of  American  Ethnology. 

ENGLEHARDT,  SAMUEL  MARTIN Elected  Dec.  21,  1909. 

Son  of  Samuel  and  Elizabeth  (Jones)  Englehardt;  born  in  Mont 
gomery,  Aug.  5,  1887;  received  early  education  in  Savage's  Prepar 
atory  School,  Montgomery;  graduate  of  Washington  and  Lee  Uni 
versity,  1909,  with  A.  B.  degree;  member  Central  Lodge,  No.  9, 
Knights  of  Pythias,  Montgomery;  is  a  Methodist,  and  unmarried. 

HALBERT,  HENRY   SALE Original  Member,  May  13,  1909. 

Son  of  Percival  Pickens  and  Jane  (Owen)  Halbert;  born  in  Pick- 
ens  county,  Alabama,  Jan.  14,  1837;  educated  in  private  schools, 
and  Union  University,  Murfreesboro,  Tenn.,  A.  M.,  1856;  served  in 
Texas  State  troops,  in  campaign  against  Kiowa  and  Comanche  In 
dians,  1860-61;  private  in  the  6th  Texas  Cavalry,  C.  S.  A.,  through 
the  War  of  Secession;  taught  in  various  schools  and  colleges,  1866- 
99;  colonization  agent  for  removal  of  Mississippi  Choctaw  Indians 
to  west  Mississippi  river,  1900-03;  now  engaged  in  literary,  histori 
cal,  and  archaelogical  work  at  Montgomery,  Ala. ;  has  in  manuscript 
a  history  of  the  Choctaw  Indians,  and  also  a  series  of  studies  on 
early  Spanish  and  French  explorations  of  the  Gulf;  member  of  the 
Mississippi  Historical  Society;  member  of  the  Alabama  Historical 
Society;  member  of  Camp  Lomax,  United  Confederate  Veterans;  is  a 
Baptist  and  a  Democrat;  author:  Creek  War  of  1813-14,  (1895)  ;  also 
contributor  to  historical  and  archaeological  publications,  chiefly  on 
the  Indians,  archaeology,  cartography,  and  Confederate  War  topics; 
and  unmarried. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  15 

HORTON,  EDGAR  CROMWELL__Original  member,  May  13,  1909. 
Oldest  son  of  Rev.  William  D.  and  Malinda  (Padgett)  Horton; 
born  Nov.  11.  1875,  at  Batesburg,  S.  C,;  early  education  received  in 
various  South  Carolina  public  schools;  entered  South  Carolina  Mil 
itary  Academy,  Oct.  1893,  and  graduated,  with  B.  S.  degree,  June 
1897;  entered  upon  present  work  as  an  observer  in  U.  S.  Weather 
Bureau,  1904,  at  Jacksonville,  Fla.;  in  charge  of  U.  S.  Weather  Bu 
reau  Station,  Santiago,  Cuba,  July  1,  1905,  to  Nov.  30,  1905;  now 
(1910)  an  observer  at  the  Montgomery  Station,  of  which  he  was  in 
temporary  charge,  spring  of  1909;  is  not  a  church  member;  and  mar 
ried  at  Bessemer,  Ala.,  May  15,  1902,  Carrie  Bell,  daughter  of  Wil 
liam  A.  and'  Jane  (Cunningham)  Giles. 

LETCHER,  JOHN  TALBERT Original  Member,  May  13,  1909. 

Son  of  Francis  Marion  and  Claudia  Caroline  (Howard)  Letcher; 
born  at  Shorter,  Ala.,  Dec.  2,  1881;  received  early  education  in 
country  schools  near  Shorter;  in  September,  1899,  matriculated  at 
the  Alabama  Polytechnic  Institute,  where  he  received  the  degree  of 
Bachelor  of  Science,  June  1901,  and  Master  of  Science,  June  1902; 
was  an  instructor  in  the  Sewanee  Grammar  School,  Sewanee,  Tenn., 
in  autumn  of  1902;  read  law  privately  and  in  June,  1903,  was  ad 
mitted,  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  Alabama,  on  examination,  to  the 
bar;  located  in  Montgomery,  where  he  has  continuously  practiced 
law.  except  for  a  few  months  in  1904  when  he  was  in  the  employ  of 
the  United'  States  Treasury  Department  in  Washington,  D.  C. ;  is 
past  chancellor  of  Central  Lodge,  No.  9,  Knights  of  Pythias,  and 
President  of  the  Eighth  Pythian  District  Association;  is  Great  Se 
nior  Sagamore  of  the  Great  Council  of  Alabama,  Improved  Order  of 
Red  Men;  Royal  Prince  of  Antares  Temple,  No.  127,  Dramatic  Order 
of  Knights  of  Khorassan;  member  of  the  Executive  Committee  of 
the  Alabama  Historical  Society,  member  Alabama  State  Bar  Asso 
ciation,  and  of  the  Montgomery  Bar  Association;  in  October,  1909,  he 
became  a  member  of  the  City  Council  of  Montgomery;  is  a  Baptist; 
and  is  unmarried. 

OWEN,  THOMAS  McADORY Original  Member,   May  13,   1909. 

Was  born  at  the  residence  of  his  maternal  grandfather,  near  new 
Jonesboro  (two  miles  below  Bessemer),  Jefferson  county,  December 
15,  1866,  and  is  the  son  of  Dr.  William  M.  Owen  and  wife  Nancy  L. 
McAdory,  both  of  whom  now  reside  in  Birmingham.  He  received  his 
education  in  the  common  schools,  and  at  the  academy  of  Professor 
I.  W.  McAdory,  Pleasant  Hill,  Jefferson  county.  He  graduated 
at  the  University  of  Alabama  in  1887,  taking  the  degrees  of  A.  B. 
and  LL.  B. ;  receiving  the  honorary  degree  of  A.  M..  1893.  and  LL. 
D..  1904;  practiced  law  at  Bessemer.  1887-1894,  Carrollton,  1897-1900, 
and  Birmingham,  1900-1901;  was  city  solicitor  of  Bessemer,  1890-93, 
assistant  solicitor  of  Jefferson  county,  1892,  and  chief  clerk,  division 
of  P.  O.  inspectors,  P.  O.  Department,  Washington,  1894-97 ;  and 
was  chairman  of  the  Democratic  executive  committee  of  Jefferson 
county,  1890-92.  Dr.  Owen  has  for  years  taken  a  deep  interest  in 
all  forms  of  historical  work  and  enterprise;  has  been  the  secretary 
of  the  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the  Revolution  in  Alabama  since  its 
organization,  April  16.  1894 ;  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Southern 
History  Association  at  Washington,  April  24,  1896;  has  been  secre 
tary  of  the  Alabama  Historical  Society  since  its  re-organization  June 


16  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

21,  1898;  was  the  commander  of  the  Alabama  Division,  United  Sons 
of  Confederate  Veterans,  Conimander-in-Chief  of  that  organization 
two  terms,  1905-07,  and  has  been  its  Historian-General  since  1907; 
has  published  several  books  and  pamphlets  of  an  historical  charac 
ter;  as  chairman  of  the  Alabama  History  Commission  he  prepared 
its  Report,  which  stimulated  the  establishment  of  the  Department 
of  Archives  and  History  of  Alabama,  of  which  he  was  elected  first 
director,  March  2,  1901,  for  a  term  of  six  years,  and  re-elected  March 
26,  1907,  for  a  like  term  ;  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Gulf  States 
Historical  Magazine,  and  edited  its  first  volume,  1903-04 ;  was  the 
founder  of  the  Alabama  Library  Association,  Nov.  21,  1904.  and  has 
been  its  president  since  that  date  by  successive  elections;  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  Alabama  Anthropological  Society,  May  13, 
1909;  is  a  member  of  the  American  Historical  Association,  the  Mis- 
issippi  Valley  Historical  Association,  the  American  Association  for 
the  Advancement  of  Science,  the  American  Anthropological  Associa 
tion,  the  American  Antiquarian  Society,  the  Virginia  Historical  So 
ciety,  the  Mississippi  Historical  Society,  the  Oklahoma  Historical  So 
ciety,  and  is  the  secretary  and  curator  of  the  Alabama  Conference 
Historical  Society,  M.  E.  Church,  South.  On  April  12.  1893,  at  Fay- 
ette,  Ala.,  he  was  married  to  Marie  Susan,  daughter  of  Hon.  John 
Hollis  Bankhead,  U.  S.  Senator  from  Alabama,  and  wife  Tallulah 
Brockman. 

PARRISH.  JAMES  STERLING Elected  April   5,   1910. 

Son  of  Henry  Wynn  and  Ida  Conrad  (Beaumont}  Parrish;  was 
born  May  24,  1883,  at  Clarksville,  Tennessee;  came  to  Montgomery 
with  his  parents  when  an  infant  and  has  lived  here  since;  attend 
ed  the  public  schools  and  the  Boys'  High  School  of  the  city  until 
about  sixteen  years  of  age;  first  employed  for  about  one  year  as  a 
salesman;  in  1906  was  taken  into  the  merchandise  brokerage  busi 
ness  with  his  father,  and  is  at  present  a  member  of  the  firm  of 
H.  W.  Parrish  and  Son;  elected  member  of  the  City  Council  of 
Montgomery,  1907,  and  in  1909  re-elected  for  a  second  term;  was 
President  of  the  Jefferson  Democratic  Club,  Montgomery,  1907-08; 
is  Secretary  of  the  Democratic  Executive  Committee  of  Montgom 
ery  county;  Adjutant  First  Cavalry  Alabama  National  Guard;  mem 
ber  of  several  social  organizations,  of  Central  Lodge  No.  9,  Knights 
of  Pythias,  Antares  Temple  No.  127,  Knights  of  Khorassan,  and  Tal- 
lapoosa  Tribe  No.  7,  Improved  Order  of  Red  Men;  member  of  the 
First  Baptist  Church,  Montgomery;  and  unmarried. 

SCOTT,  JOHN  ENGLEHARDT Elected   Dec.   21,   1909. 

Son  of  John  Campbell  and  Elizabeth  (Englehardt)  Scott;  born 
in  Staunton,  Va.,  Oct.  12,  1885;  prepared  in  Staunton  High  School, 
and  graduated  from  Washington  and  Lee  University,  1906,  with  the 
degree  of  bachelor  of  science;  three  years  assistant  instructor  in 
chemistry  at  W.  and  L.  University;  at  present  (1910)  doing  engi 
neering  work  for  the  city  of  Montgomery;  is  a  Methodist  and  is 
unmarried. 


II.    COLLECTORS  AND  COL 
LECTIONS. 


It  will  not  be  possible  to  present  even  an  approximately 
full  list  of  Alabama  collectors,  and  collections  having  Alabama 
materials.  The  list  below,  even  \vith  its  limitations,  will,  how 
ever,  doubtless  prove  valuable,  and  will  serve  as  a  tentative 
basis  for  a  more  complete  and  exhaustive  one.  It  includes 
institutions  and  individuals  whose  collections  are  known  to 
contain  items  found  in  Alabama.  Detailed  descriptions  are 
not  attempted,  although  some  of  the  more  important  speci 
mens'  are  noted.  Owing  to  the  many  different  ways  in  which 
the  collections  have  been  reported,  it  has  not  been  possible  to 
adopt  a  uniform  method  of  presentation. 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF 
PHILADELPHIA. 

By  far  the  largest  single  collection  of  prehistoric  objects, 
taken  from  the  Alabama  field,  is  to  be  found  in  the  museum  of 
the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia.  This  col 
lection  has  been  brought  together  by  Clarence  P>.  Moore,  of 
Philadelphia,  and  is  the  result  of  a  number  of  intelligently 
planned  exploration  tours  made  by  him  in  1899,  1901,  1905, 
and  1906. 

It  has  been  found  impracticable  for  the  present,  at  least, 
to  secure  a  catalogue  or  list,  and  no  detailed  description  is  at 
tempted.  Full  accounts  of  the  expeditions  will,  however,  be 
found  in  the  following  papers  by  Air.  Moore,  in  which  the 
more  striking  and  interesting  finds  are  described  and  figured: 
Certain  Aboriginal  Remains  of  the  Alabama  River  (1899)  ; 
Certain  Aboriginal  Remains  of  the  Tombigbee  River; 
Certain  Aboriginal  Remains  of  the  Black  Warrior  River f 
Certain  Aboriginal  Remains  of  the  Lower  Tombigbee  River, 
and  Certain  Aboriginal  Remains  of  Mobile  Bay  (1905)  ;  and 
Moundville  Revisited  (1907.  All  of  these  papers  are  folio 
reprints  from  the  Journals  of  the  Academy,  etc.,  Philadelphia, 
vols.  xi  and  xiii. 

(17) 
2  A 


18  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

ALABAMA  ANTHROPOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 

The  collection  and  preservation  of  the  Aboriginal  remains 
to  be  found  in  the  State  being  one  of  the  objects  of  the  Alabama 
Anthropological  Society,  it  early  began  the  formation  of  a  col 
lection,  and  the  Alabama  State  Department  of  Archives  and 
History  very  generously  placed  suitable  cases  at  its  disposal  for 
their  preservation  and  display.  '  The  collections'  so  far  made 
are  now  on  exhibition  in  the  museum  of  the  Department,  and 
comprise  over  one  thousand  objects. 

The  items  are  confined  almost  wholly  to  specimens  from 
Montgomery  and  Russell  counties.  The  list  includes  a  large 
number  of  very  fine  arrow-points  and  spear-heads';  a  number 
of  discs;  about  two  hundred  beads;  four  large  mortars  (dou 
ble)  ;  five  pounding  stones;  three  celts;  two  net  sinkers;  three 
gorgets ;  one  European  trade  bell ;  three  specimens  of  Western 
U.  S.  pottery,  and  several  pestles'. 

The  entire  collection  comprises  twenty-seven  lots. 


ALABAMA  POLYTECHNIC  INSTITUTE. 

The  museum  of  the  Alabama  Polytechnic  Institute,  Auburn, 
occupies  a  large  room  on  the  third  floor  of  the  administration 
building.  The  collections  are  arranged  in  sixteen  large  dis 
play  cases,  each  having  three  pyramidal  shelves.  The  speci 
mens  are  labeled  and  card  indexed. 

Mr.  R.  L.  Brown,  Prof,  of  Mining  and  Geology,  furnishes 
the  following  description : 

Human  remains  from  Walker  county,  Alabama ; 

Remains  of  primitive  man,  found  in  cave  in  South  Ala 
bama  ; 

Relics  from  an  Alabama  Indian  mound; 

About  six  hundred  Indian  arrow-points ; 

A  number  of  stone  implements  (axes,  mortars,  pestles, 
stones  for  dressing  skins)  ; 

Indian  saddle ; 

Two  Indian  peace  pipes ; 

Clay  pottery ; 

Brick  from  old  Fort  Louis  at  27  Mile  Bluff,  above  Mobile; 

Grape  shot  fired  in  Civil  War ; 

Fragments  of  bomb  shells ; 

Indian  pottery  from  St.  Andrew's  Bay,  Florida ; 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  ^9 

Indian  relics  from  Jefferson  county,  Mississippi ; 

Indian  tooth  and  jaw  bone,  from  mound  in  Monroe  county, 

W.  Va. ; 

African  relics   (pipes,  ornaments,  implements,  purses)  ; 
Hand  engraved  "Jicara." 
Photos  of  cliff  dwellings,  New  Mexico ; 
Casts   representing   heads   of   Mongolian,   North   American 
Indian,  Caucasian,  Malay,  Negro. 


ALABAMA   STATE  DEPARTMENT  OF  ARCHIVES 
AND  HISTORY. 

One  of  the  activities  of  the  Alabama  State  Department  of 
Archives  and  History,  State  capitol,  Montgomery,  is  the  main 
tenance  of  a  museum.  Since  its  establishment  in  1901,  sev 
eral  thousand  historic  articles  have  been  assembled. 

The  section  devoted  to  anthropology  is  not  strong,  and  yet 
a  good  beginning  has  been  made.  It  contains  objects  asso 
ciated  with  noted  characters  in  aboriginal  and  Indian  tribes, 
stone  implements,  spear-heads,  arrow-points,  pipes,  toma 
hawks,  gorgets,  celts,  mortars,  pestles,  discoidals,  and  fossil 
remains.  Owing  to  the  rapid  changes  taking  place  in  the 
collection,  due  to  constantly  increasing  additions,  no  specific 
list  is  attempted. 

The  Alabama  Anthropological  Society,  and  the  Young 
Jackson  collections  are  deposited  in  the  Museum.  See  those 
titles  for  detailed  description. 


AMERICAN  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY. 

Some  acount  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural  History, 
New  York  City,  has  been  supplied  by  Mr.  Alanson  Skinner  of 
the  Department  of  Anthropology.  He  says : 

"The  specimens  from  Alabama  in  the  Museum's  collection 
are  not  very  numerous,  but  there  are  s'ome  interesting  speci 
mens  among  them.  There  are  several  interesting  pottery  ves 
sels,  among  them  one  large  bowl-shaped  vessel  possessing  an 
ear,  lug  or  handle  and  ornamented  by  a  simple  border  con 
sisting  of  two  parallel  lines  around  the  rim  and  was  found  in 
verted  over  the  skull  of  a  skeleton  in  a  mound  on  Bear  Point, 
Perdido  Bay,  Baldwin  county.  Another  vessel,  larger  and 


20  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

somewhat  elaborate  in  shape  and  design,  was'  found  in  the  same 
neighborhood  inverted  over  a  skull.  Both  these  objects  were 
collected  by  Mr.  Clarence  B.  Moore.  A  number  of  interesting 
pottery  heads  broken  from  vessels,  including  representations 
of  human,  owl,  duck  (in  one  case  apparently  a  wood  duck) 
forms  are  also  of  interest.  Pipes  are  represented  by  several 
rectangular  steatite  bowls  and  one  effigy  pipe  representing  a 
man  squatting  on  his  knees,  the  bowl  formed  in  a  humped  and 
protruding  back,  the  head  facing  away  from  the  smoker  in 
direct  contradistinction  from  the  effigy  pipes  of  western  New 
York,  and  this  neighborhood  in  general,  where  the  head  in 
variably  faces  the  smoker.  Two  fragments  of  pottery  pipes 
are  too  small  to  show  the  type  but  seem  to  resemble  some 
what  the  trumpet-shaped  pipes  of  western  New  York. 

"An  unfinished  banner-stone,  apparently  made  of  hematite, 
from  Mt.  Meigs,  a  broken  gorget,  and  several  interesting  dis- 
cordial  stones  are  worthy  of  comment  in  passing.  Of  rough 
stone  implements  we  have  a  number  of  celts  and  some  arrow 
and  knife  points,  a  number  of  the  former  being  remarkably 
small  points.  A  cast  of  a  stone  implement,  the  original  of 
which  is  in  the  University  of  Louisiana,  shows  a  type  closely 
resembling  those  found  in  northern  Europe.  A  comparatively 
short  triangular  braid  is  succeeded  by  a  long  narrow  stem 
ending  in  a  slightly  expanded  butt.  Objects  of  shell,  etc.,  are 
represented  by  a  shell  ornament  found  in  a  grave  on  the  breast 
of  a  skeleton  on  a  mound  near  Mt.  Meigs.  In  shape  this  or 
nament  is  like  a  cross  with  enlarged  ends  and  is  about  ^4  of  an 
inch  across.  There  are  also  a  number  of  pearls  labeled  as  com 
ing  from  the  collection  of  Col.  Jones,  but  there  is  no  statement 
with  these  specimens  as  to  whether  they  were  found  with  In 
dian  remains  or  not." 

See  Charles  Edgeworth  Jones  infra. 


J.  Y.  BRAME,  JR. 

The  collection  of  J.  Y.  Brame,  Jr.,  of  Montgomery,  Ala., 
begun  in  1901,  comprises  the  following  objects:  Lot  of  flint 
arrow-points,  one  arrow-point  of  native  copper,  one  double 
rock  mortar  5x6  inches,  two  double  mortars  of  sandstone,  one 
mortar  with  three  small  cups  on  reverse,  one  rock  five  inches 
long  with  bowl  ground  into  one  end  for  a  spoon,  a  quantity 
of  European  trade  beads,  one  mutilated  chunkee  stone  two 
spans  around  and  two  inches  on  edge  (only  one-half  of  this 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  21 

object),  one  smooth  pendant  of  shell  2  inches  long,  one  shell 
perforated  for  suspension,  one-half  of  a  shell  gorget  3  inches 
in  diameter  perforated  and  carved,  one  flint  scraping  imple 
ment,  three  small  discs  made  from  broken  pottery,  two  celts 
7  inches  long,  one  broken  stone  chisel  1  inch  wide,  one  un- 
decorated  earthenware  vessel  (badly  broken  and  mended)  5 
inches  deep,  and  11  1-2  inches  in  diameter,  slightly  flaring 
outward  at  rim,  one  small  earthenware  pipe,  one  shell  hair-pin, 
six  pebbles  with  holes*  through  centers  (natural  formation), 
and  one  sandstone  sinker. 


PETER  A.  BRANNON. 

The  collection  of  Peter  A.  Brannon  of  Montgomery,  Ala., 
contains  about  six  thousand  objects.  It  was  made  up  mostly 
in  Russell  county,  but  has  several  hundred  from  Montgomery 
county,  with  a  few  from  Lee,  Pike  and  Lowndes  counties  in 
Alabama,  and  some  from  Georgia,  Tennessee  and  Ohio. 

The  collection  was'  begun  on  April  25,  1905,  with  a  nucleus 
of  eight  small  celts,  five  discs,  three  Mexican  objects,  one 
grooved  axe  from  Ohio,  and  several  hundred  rough  arrow- 
points  and  spear-heads,  the  remainder  of  the  large  collection 
of  the  late  Peter  A.  Greene,  of  Scale,  Ala.  Beginning  April 
25,  1905,  with  an  exploration  trip  to  the  Abercrombie  mound 
in  Russell  county,  Mr.  Brannon  has  himself  collected  nearly 
all  of  his  material  on  this  and  subsequent  trips  taken  in  that  lo 
cality.  A  small  portion  of  the  collection  has  been  presented  to 
him,  notably  from  Georgia,  Tennessee,  and  Ohio,  and  a  num 
ber  of  objects  from  Montgomery  county,  Alabama. 

With  the  exception  of  a  few  hundred  rough  arrow-points, 
the  entire  collection  is  classified,  numbered,  labeled  and  cata 
logued,  and  is  displayed  in  a  cabinet  in  the  library  of  Mr. 
Brannon,  at  his  home  in  Montgomery. 

Included  in  the  lot  are  three  Mexican  objects,  a  seventeen- 
faced  Aztec  urn,  a  charm-rattler,  and  a  snake  idol. 

The  collection  in  detail  is  principally  made  up  of  the  follow 
ing  objects :  four  pots,  one  water  bottle,  one  perforated  hoe- 
shaped  implement,  seven  grooved  axes,  six  hundred  European 
trade  beads  (glass),  three  thousand  shell  beads,  a  few  bone 
beads,  two  shell  hair-pins,  two  shell  gorgets  (perforated),  one 
bone  gorget  (perforated  and  notched),  one  grooved  hammer- 
stone,  three  calumet  pipes1  (soapstone),  three  large  chisels, 
twenty-nine  celts,  five  pestles,  two  notched  net-sinkers,  one 


22  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

quartz  hide  smoother,  two  hematite  hide  smoothers,  one  hem 
atite  gorget,  two  soapstone  gorgets,  one  sandstone  gorget, 
one  partly  perforated  gorget  of  brown  sandstone  or  silicate 
showing  core  left  by  reed,  one  frog  (soapstone),  two  petrified 
wooden  awls,  two  bone  pendants  (perforated),  one  sheet-cop 
per  pendant,  one  flat  Arkansas  pipe,  five  large  flat  agricultural 
hoes,  two  discoidals  (small),  fifteen  quartz  paint-mortars, 
thirty  quartz  discs,  five  quartz  plummets,  four  small  black- 
stone  discs,  thirty  pottery  game  discs,  ten  flint  knives,  fifty  flint 
spear-heads  (large),  twenty-five  flint  bird  arrow-points,  twen 
ty-five  flint  drills,  about  one  thousand  flint  arrow-points  and 
spear-heads  (perfect  specimens),  about  half  of  which  are 
barbed  and  shouldered,  and  one-fourth  of  which  are  serrated, 
one  large  lot  (about  one  hundred)  different  patterns,  pot 
sherds,  one  lot  (twelve  North  Carolina  Cherokee  pottery  ware 
(1890)  and  two  wooden  spoons,  two  quart  European  trade 
glass  bottles  recovered  from  mound,  two  European  trade  bells, 
two  gray  stone  spatulas  for  pottery,  one  seventeen-faced  Mex 
ican  urn,  one  snake  idol  (Mexican),  one  Mexican  charm  rat 
tle,  one  large  lot  of  modern  western  Indian  bead  and  leather 
work,  several  hundred  rough  arrow  and  spear-heads  uncata- 
logued,  twenty-five  different  patterns  pot  handles  (round), 
five  man-faced  pot  handles,  three  "duck  or  bird-head"  pot 
handles,  one  slate  elongated  pendant,  one  obsidian  knife,  two 
quartz  knives  (round),  two  chert  knives,  "five  "leaf-shaped" 
implements  ,and  two  flat  shoe-last  like  stones. 


BUCKNER  BEASLEY. 

The  collection  of  Buckner  Beasley,  of  Montgomery,  Ala.,  is 
largely  made  up  from  the  Northern  section  of  Montgomery 
county.  The  objects  are  largely  the  results  of  surface  col 
lecting  done  by  Mr.  Beasley  himself.  While  residing  in  the 
eastern  part  of  Lee  county,  Ala.,  in  1895,  Mr.  Beasley  first  de 
veloped  an  interest  in  such  work,  and  his  earliest  specimens 
came  from  this  section  and  from  Chewacla  creek.  The  col 
lection  is  carefully  preserved  in  boxes,  and  is  not  kept  on  dis 
play. 

It  consists  of  about  five  thousand  objects  of  which  forty- 
five  hundred  are  arrow-points  and  spear-heads,  and  the  re 
mainder  comprise  the  following:  Twenty-seven  celts,  one  hun 
dred  and  eight  discs,  six  hammer-stones,  five  net-sinkers,  three 
mortars,  four  pestles,  twenty-seven  round-pointed  arrow- 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  23 

points,  ninety  shell,  stone,  and  clay  beads,  thirty  flint  and 
quartz  agricultural  implements,  forty-five  drills,  five  pipes, 
five  small  polished  chisels,  one  gorget,  one  shell  hair-pin, 
fourteen  scrapers,  one  polished  agricultural  implement,  one 
hoe-shaped  implement,  three  pot-smoothers,  one  gaving  tool, 
one  grooved  axe,  one  grooved  hammer,  one  small  stone  tube, 
one  banner-stone,  eleven  slate  ceremonials',  eight  flint  knives, 
one  gouge,  two  pitted  stones,  and  one  work  block. 


W.  J.  CHAMBERS. 

The  collection  of  W.  J.  Chambers,  of  Montgomery,  includes 
several  hundred  choice  objects  from  different  sections  of  the 
country.  It  is  displayed  in  a  cabinet  in  his  studio,  on  Dex 
ter  Avenue,  and  is  of  more  value  from  an  artistic  than  from 
a  scientific  standpoint,  as  Mr.  Chambers  has  brought  together 
those  objects  which  appealed  mostly  to  his  eye.  A  number  of 
arrow-points  and  spear-heads  from  Montgomery  county  are 
included,  as  well  as  a  pot  and  a  many-cupped  paint  mortar. 
Among  the  other  objects  are  several  small  pots,  celts,  and 
chisels  from  Wisconsin,  mortars  and  pestles  from  the  West, 
large  spear-heads  (perfectly  formed)  from  the  Northwest, 
several  grooved  axes,  and  a  few  ornaments  and  pendants. 
Mr.  Chambers  has  been  a  collector  since  early  manhood. 


DAVENPORT  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES. 

The  muuseum  of  the  Davenport  Academy  of  Natural  Sci 
ences,  Davenport,  Iowa,  has  a  number  of  prehistoric  objects 
from  the  Southern  States,  particularly  ancient  pottery.  In 
asmuch  as  many  of  the  specimens  are  not  labeled,  their  his 
tory  has  been  lost. 

In  a  paper  of  Dr.  Wm.  H.  Holmes  on  "Ancient  pottery  of 
the  Mississippi  Valley,"  which  is  to  be  found  in  the  Proceed 
ings  of  the  Davenport  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  1882- 
1884  (1886),  vol.  iv,  pp.  123-118,  are  noted  references  to  all 
Alabama  items  which  can  now  be  identified.  Those  figured 
are  four  in  number,  namely,  one  pot  from  Four-mile  Bayou, 
one  small  cup,  one  large  cup,  and  one  bottle.  See  pp.  155, 
192,  193,  195.  No  catalogue  or  guide  to  the  collections  of 
the  Academy  has  yet  been  published. 


24  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

ENGLEHARDT  AND   SCOTT. 

Samuel  Englehardt  and  John  E.  Scott,  of  Montgomery, 
Ala.,  have  assembled  several  hundred  miscellaneous  objects  iu- 
cluding  over  one  thousand  arrow-points  and  spear-heads, 
drills,  stone  axes,  beads,  celts,  chunkee  stones,  gorgets,  mor 
tars,  etc.  They  have  all  been  found  in  the  region  around  Mont 
gomery.  The  collection  is  not  catalogued,  but  is  displayed 
in  their  home,  No.  313  Monroe  street. 


GRAND  LODGE,  A.  F.  &  A.  M. 

The  library  of  the  Alabama  Grand  Lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M., 
Montgomery,  contains  a  cabinet,  in  which  is  displayed  a  col 
lection  of  fifty-one  objects  presented  by  H.  B.  Hale  to  Wm.  H. 
Dingley,  grand  treasurer,  who  in  turn  presented  them  to  the 
Grand  Lodge.  They  were  secured  by  Mr.  Hale,  after  the  flood 
of  1886,  from  a  burial  site  near  old  Tuckabatchie  townr  on  the 
Tallapoosa  River. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  articles :  One  ornamented 
bowl,  diameter  16  inches,  and  depth  6  inches,  one  ornamented 
bowl,  diameter  14  inches,  and  depth  5  inches,  three  ornamented 
bowls,  diameter  12  inches,  and  depth  3  1-2  inches,  one  orna 
mented  bowl,  diameter  4  inches,  and  depth  1  inch,  one  orna 
mented  water-bottle,  diameter  12  inches,  and  depth  10  inches, 
three  ornamented  pots,  diameter  4  inches,  and  depth  5  inches, 
three  small  stone  discs,  one  four-inch  mosaic-like  stone  (quartz) 
disc,  one  four-inch  blue  celt,  one  eight-inch  blue  chisel,  one 
iron  pipe-tomahawk.  Three  crescent-shaped  copper  gorgets, 
four  small  tobacco  pipes,  one  calumet  two-inch  bowl  pipe,  one 
long  catlinite  pipe,  two  small  ungrooved  axes,  one  eight-inch 
flint  hoe,  five  small  arrow-points,  ten  copper  beads  of  which 
four  are  rolled  copper,  two  flint  drills,  one  large  shell  hair 
pin,  and  four  European  brass  armlets. 


WILLIAM  H.  GRAY,  JR. 

Mr.  William  H.  Gray,  Jr..  of  Phoenix  City,  Lee  County, 
Ala.,  has  several  thousand  objects.  With  the  exception,  how 
ever,  of  two  fine  large  pots  from  the  Wacoochee  valley  sec 
tion  of  the  county,  a  few  rough  celts,  some  large  knives,  and 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  25 

probably  fifteen  large  rough  hoes',  the  collection  is  made  up 
mostly  of  arrow-points  and  spear-heads.  A  large  portion  of 
these  are  of  the  rough  chert  kind,  to  be  found  along  the  west 
bank  of  the  upper  Chattahoochee  river. 

The  collection  contains  also  a  few  glass  and  stone  beads,  a 
small  number  of  shell  beads,  and  a  small  lot  of  fine  celts  from 
New  England,  obtained  by  exchange.  Mr.  Gray  has'  collected 
most  of  his  material  along  the  Chattahoochee  River  in  Lee 
county ;  while  some  from  Tallapoosa  county  have  been  pre 
sented  to  him.  It  is  an  exclusively  East  Alabama  collection, 
with  the  exceptions  of  the  New  England  celts,  and  has  been 
collected  within  the  last  fifteen  years. 


YOUNG  JACKSON. 

Mr.  Young  Jackson,  of  Coosada,  Ala.,  has  been  a  zealous 
collector  for  many  years'.  Residing  near  the  Alabama  river 
and  near  the  site  of  the  old  Indian  village  of  Coosauda,  he 
has  had  exceptional  opportunities.  Part  of  his  collection, 
numbering  about  one  hundred  choice  and  interesting  objects, 
is  deposited  with  the  Alabama  State  Department  of  Archives 
and  History,  and  is  displayed  with  the  cabinets  of  the  Alabama 
Anthropological  Society.  These  include  pipes,  gorgets',  arrow- 
points,  spear-heads,  tomahawks,  rings,  beads,  and  relics  from 
Indian  burial  sites. 


CHARLES  EDGWORTH  JONES. 

The  last  collection  made  up  by  the  late  Col.  Charles  Colcock 
Jones  is  preserved  in  the  hands  of  his  son  Charles  Edgworth 
Jones,  Augusta,  Ga.,  who  has  given  a  general  description.  He 
writes : 

"The  following  Indian  objects  from  Alabama  are  contained 
in  my  honored  father's  second  archaeological  collection  (May 
1877,'  to  July,  1893).  By  reference  to  the  first  volume  of  his 
Catalogue  (1877-1881),  I  find  the  following  Nos.  specified  as 
coming  from  Alabama:  No.  101,  a  pipe  from  mound  on  plan 
tation  of  Mr.  McPherson,  near  the  Coosa  river,  about  thirty 
miles  below  Rome,  Ga.,  in  Alabama;  Nos.  619  to  621  inclusive, 
showing  twenty  mounted  s'pear  and  arrow-points  from  Henry 


26  HANDBOOK,    1910. 

county,  Ala. ;  Nos.  655  to  675,  inclusive,  showing  twenty  loose 
spear  and  arrow-points  from  Henry  county,  Ala. ;  No.  4847  to 
4850,  inclusive,  showing  stone  celts'  from  Russell  county,  Ala.  ; 
and  No.  4861,  showing  a  grooved  axe  from  Russell  county. 
The  second  volume  of  this  Catalogue  (1881-1893)  contains 
no  specimens  whatever  from  Alabama.  I  have  gone  over 
both  volumes  of  American  section  of  my  father's  archaeolog 
ical  collection  carefully.  My  father's  first  Archaeological  col 
lection  (Dec.  1865-May  1877)  is  permanently  located  at 
American  Museum  of  Natural  History,  New  York  City.  They 
have  the  volume  or  volumes  of  Catalogue  of  his  first  collection, 
and  the  authorities  there  will  tell  you  whether  there  is  any 
mention  of  objects  from  Alabama." 


RICHARD  LINDSEY. 

Richard  Lindsey,  of  Pittsview,  Russell  County,  has1  a  col 
lection  of  celts,  beads  and  several  hundred  arrow-points  and 
spear-heads.  The  collection  also  contains  two  or  three  hoes 
and  a  few  other  items.  The  articles  were  all  found  on  his 
plantation  in  the  vicinity  of  Pittsview.  The  collection  is  kept 
at  his  home. 


CARR  McCORMACK. 

Mr.  Carr  McCormack,  of  Quinton,  near  Birmingham,  Ala., 
has1  a  collection  of  archaeological  objects,  made  up,  however, 
largely  in  the  vicinity  of  his  old  home  in  Missouri.  It  con 
tains  only  a  few  Alabama  items. 


F.  W.  MILLER. 

Mr.  F.  W.  Miller,  of  East  Orange,  N.  J.,  has  a  number  of 
objects  from  Russell  county,  Ala.  In  the  collection  are  a 
hoe-shaped  implement,  and  several  pendants  and  gorgets. 
Mr.  Miller  resided  at  one  time  in  Columbus,  Ga.,  and  from 
that  point  made  several  trips  to  the  Abercrombie  Mound  site, 
in  company  with  George  W.  B.  McKnight,  one  of  the  most 
remarkable  of  collectors. 


ALABAMA    ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  27 

ALLEN  M.  McNEEL. 

Mr.  Allen  M.  McNeel,  of  Montgomery,  has  been  a  collector 
since  boyhood.  He  has  enriched  many  collections  by  valuable 
gifts.  Recently  he  has  begun  making  up  a  personal  collection. 
At  present  it  consists  of  a  fine  celt,  twelve  ornamented  pots 
herds,  fifteen  shark's  teeth  awls,  one  paint  mortar,  and  about 
one  hundred  and  fifty  arrow-points  and  spear-heads. 


MOBILE  YOUNG  MEN'S  CHRISTIAN  ASSOCIATION. 

Among  the  many  activities  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association,  Mobile,  it  maintains  an  excellent  historical  and 
archaeological  museum.  Mrs.  F.  H.  Happer,  librarian,  and 
Miss  Leila  Aunspaugh,  assistant,  have  prepared  the  following 
description : 

"The  Association  has  been  interested  in  the  collecting  of  a 
Museum  from  its  early  days.  Even  before  coming  into  its  pres 
ent  handsome  home,  it  had  the  nucleus'  of  a  good  Museum. 
When  in  1898  the  Association  moved  into  its  own  home,  and 
the  needed  room  was  at  hand,  its  Museum  began  to  grow  rap 
idly.  We  have  now  about  our  building  a  creditable  collection 
well  labeled  and  catalogued. 

"It  includes  collections  from  Africa,  the  East,  England, 
Scotland,  almost  all  the  European  States,  Philippines,  China, 
Japan,  Mexico,  North  America,  Central  and  South  America. 
Relics  of  the  American  Revolution,  Civil  War,  and  Spanish- 
American  War.  Coral,  shells  and  sponge  from  the  Indian 
Ocean.  An  interesting  collection  of  old  vases,  clocks,  lamps, 
tropical  birds,  copies  of  paintings  by  the  old  masters.  A  large 
and  interesting  collection  of  coins  from  many  lands.  Guns  and 
pistols'  and  knives.  Swords  of  unique  workmanship. 

"A  large  collection  of  Indian  relics  given  us  by  the  Univer 
sity  of  Pennsylvania.  It  includes  a  fine  assortment  of  pottery, 
beads,  textiles,  arrow-heads  and  carvings. 

"We  are  trying  to  make  a  specialty  of  our  Alabama  archa 
eology,  and  are  developing  the  Mobile  part  as  rapidly  as  we 
can.  In  our  Mobile  Department  we  have  a  large  and  inter 
esting  collection  of  Mobile  historic  furniture,  china  and  por 
traits  of  prominent  Mobilians  of  the  past  and  present.  In  our 
archaeological  research  we  have  been  greatly  aided  by  the 
Iberville  Historical  Society.  Through  them  we  have  speci 
mens  from  Dauphine  Island  Shell-banks,  Blakely  and  Spanish 
Fort. 


28  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

"Among  our  best  specimens  are  some  arrow-points,  totems, 
and  pottery  from  the  Indian  mounds  in  lower  Baldwin  county. 
One  totem  represents  a  calf's  head,  perfect  in  all  detail  of  carv 
ing,  another  a  dog,  a  third  is  imperfect  but  was  epidently  a 
bird  of  some  description.  A  water  jug,  and  fine  pieces  of 
petrified  wood.  Our  collection  of  arrow-points  is  an  unusu 
ally  fine  one.  Some  human  ribs  found  when  making  the  ex 
cavations  for  foundation  of  Van  Antwerp  building.  These 
are  more  than  two  inches  longer  than  the  average  rneas'ure 
of  a  large  man.  We  have  Indian  relics  from  Clarke  county, 
and  the  mounds  of  Gadsden,  Alabama.  Among  many  other 
interesting  Mobile  relics  is  a  portion  of  the  first  water-pipe  laid 
in  Mobile.  This  is  of  wood  and  is  perfectly  preserved. 

"In  all,  our  collection  contains  over  eight  hundred  cata 
logued  specimens." 


DR.  L.  F.  MYERS. 

The  collection  of  Dr.  L.  F.  Myers,  of  Columbus,  Ga.,  is 
made  up  almost  entirely  of  the  odds  and  ends,  and  the  imper 
fect  objects  from  the  large  collection  of  the  late  George  W.  B. 
McKnight,  of  Columbus.  It  contains  a  number  of  beads  and 
three  copper  rings,  as  well  as  arrow-points  and  spear-heads 
from  East  Alabama,  and  some  rough  celts  from  Russell 
county,  Alabama. 


THOMAS  M.  OWEN. 

The  President  of  the  Society,  Dr.  Thomas  M.  Owen,  Mont 
gomery,  has  a  small  collection,  made  up  of  stone  implements, 
spear-heads,  arrow-points,  and  some  other  articles  found  in 
historic  localities  in  Alabama.  He  had  a  much  more  extensive 
and  interesting  collection,  which  was  destroyed,  with  the 
burning  of  his  home  in  Montgomery,  March  6,  1906. 


PHILLIPS  ACADEMY. 
DEPARTMENT  OF  AMERICAN  ARCHAELOGY. 

The  Phillips  Academy,  Andover,  Mass.,  through  Prof.  War 
ren  K.  Moorhead,  curator  of  its  Department  of  American  Ar 
chaeology,  has  made  an  extensive  collection.  It  embraces  a 
number  of  southern  and  Alabama  specimens,  but  details  are 
not  available  at  the  time  of  the  publication  of  the  Handbook. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  29 

REV.  FRANCIS  TAPPEY. 

Rev.  Erancis  Tappey,  pastor  of  the  First  Presbyterian 
Church  of  Huntsville,  has  a  collection  of  about  two  hundred 
specimens,  all  located  in  Alabama.  In  the  collection  are  two 
celts,  one  pestle,  two  stone  hatchets,  one  paint  mortar,  one 
adze,  one  long  spear-head,  pieces  of  pottery,  one  discoidal 
stone,  and  a  large  collection  of  arrow-points,  including  one 
whirling  arrow-point.  Mr.  Tappey's  collection  has  been  car 
ried  on  irregularly  for  the  preceding  five  years,  during  the 
odd  hours  of  a  busy  pastorate. 


GEN.  GATES  P.  THRUSTON. 

The  most  noted  collector  of  anthropological  specimens  in  the 
South  is  Gen.  Gates  P.  Thruston,  of  Nashville,  Tenn.  For 
years  he  has  been  an  industrious  and  intelligent  collector. 
In  a  volume  first  published  by  him  in  1890,  and  in  1897  in  a 
second  edition,  under  the  title  of  The  Antiquities  of  Tennessee 
and  the  Adjacent  States  (2nd  edition,  8vo.  pp.  368.)  descrip 
tion  is'  presented,  with  figures,  of  his  best  specimens.  In  The 
Wisconsin  Archaeologist,  July,  190-1,  vol.  3,  No.  4,  is  r-j  paper 
entitled  "Tennessee  Archaeology  at  St.  Louis. — The  Thruston 
Exhibit,"  prepared  by  General  Thruston,  in  which  is  given  a 
brief,  but  graphic  account  with  figures  of  many  unique  objects. 

The  entire  Thruston  collection  is  now  permanently  deposited 
in  the  Yanderbilt  University,  Nashville. 

Concerning  the  Alabama  items  of  the  collection,  Gen.  Thrus 
ton  writes : 

"The  collection  contains  a  few  fine  specimens  from  Alabama, 
perhaps  the  most  noted  one  is  the  "Panther  Pipe"  from  one  of 
the  groups  of  Carthage  mounds,  near  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.  (See 
my  illustration  Fig.  84  in  my  book,  the  Antiquities  of  Tennes 
see,  etc.)  A  larger  but  less  beautiful  pipe  was  found  at  the 
same  time.  These  pipes  were  exhibited  here  years  ago,  at  the 
meeting  of  the  American  Association  for  the  Advancement  of 
Science.  A  full  description  will  be  found  in  the  book. 

"Another  very  perfect  Alabama  specimen  of  pipe  is  a  bird 
pipe  of  steatite  weighing  4  or  5  pounds1  and  of  beautiful  work 
manship.  See  figure  98,  page  198  in  my  book,  where  a  free 
description  will  be  found.)  I  have  never  seen  a  more  beau 
tiful  pipe.  It  was  found  in  Etowah  county,  near  Attalla,  Ala. 


30  HANDBOOK,   1010. 

"Among  the  finest  specimens  discovered  in  Alabama,  have 
been  the  flat  stone  plates  or  disks,  quite  unlike  the  ordinary 
stone  discs  of  Tennessee.  They  are  made  of  sandstone,  and 
have  usually  been  found  in  North  Alabama.  Sec  figure 
and  description  181,  page  274.)  The  most  remarkable  disc 
from  Alabama  is  Fig.  236,  page  333. 

"I  have  never  known  this  class  of  flat  discs  to  be  found  out 
of  Alabama.  Fig.  180  and  179  show  some  discs'  that  are  es 
pecially  of  Alabama,  smaller  on  the  upper  side  than  the  lower, 
and  usually  small  discs.  Fig.  180  illustrates  a  remarkable  lit 
tle  disc  from  Alabama.  See  description  there. 

"The  arrow-points'  from  Alabama,  of  jasper  and  flint,  are 
more  beautiful  in  color  than  from  any  other  State.  A  consid 
erable  proportion  of  them  being  of  rich  red  or  jasper  hue, 
colored  by  the  iron  in  the  soil  of  many  sections  of  Alabama." 


UNITED  STATES  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. 

The  U.  S.  National  Museum,  Washington,  D.  C.,  under 
date  of  Jan.  27,  1910,  supplies  the  following  accounts : 

"In  the  Division  of  Ethnology,  the  Alabama  collection  is 
small,  consisting  of  a  few  baskets  and  pieces  of  pottery. 

"In  the  Division  of  Prehistoric  Archeology,  however,  Ala 
bama  is  fairly  well  represented.  The  majority  of  the  speci 
mens  appear  to  have  been  found  in  mounds,  shell-heaps,  and 
on  village  sites,  although  a  large  number  are  the  ordinary  sur 
face  finds  from  plowed  fields.  The  stone  implements  and  ob 
jects  include  hatchets,  hammer-stones,  cup  stones,  pestles,  mul- 
lers,  mortars,  grinding  stones,  discoidal  stones,  drilled  tab 
lets,  boat-shaped  amulets,  stone  and  hematite  pendants.  The 
chipped  and  flaked  series  ranges  from  roughly  shaped  flint 
and  chert  hatchets,  hoes,  etc.,  to  finely  made  leaf-shaped  blades, 
spear-heads,  arrow-points,  scrapers,  and  drills.  A  limited  num 
ber  of  shell  objects  are  represented  by  gorgets,  pins  and  beads. 
There  are  also  a  few  bone  perforators,  and  a  number  of  or 
naments  made  from  bear  teeth,  split  and  perforated  for  sus 
pension.  Objects  of  earthenware  include  large  burial-urns 
with  elaborate  incised  decoration,  bowls,  pipes,  and  many  frag 
ments  of  vessels. 

"The  following  specimens  are  thought  worthy  of  special 
mention : 

"Three  engraved  stone  plates  from  a  mound  on  Warrior 
River,  Hale  county,  presented  by  Prof.  N.  T.  Lupton ; 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  3^ 

"Cast  of  'The  Rattlesnake  Disk'  original  from  Hale  county, 
and  cast  of  a  carved  stone  effigy  pipe  (animal  form)  acquired 
through  the  courtesy  of  Mr.  Eugene  A.  Smith ; 

"The  collection  from  shell-heaps  near  Mobile,  contributed 
by  Messrs.  A.  S.  Gaines  and  K.  M.  Cunningham. 

"The  following  is  a  list  of  the  counties  represented :  Blount, 
Winston,  Colbert,  Lauderdale,  Morgan,  St.  Clair,  Elmore, 
Marshall,  Wilcox,  Dallas,  Jefferson,  Cherokee,  Madison,  Hale, 
Talladega,  and  Tallapoosa." 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ALABAMA. 

The  scientific  collections  of  the  University  of  Alabama  have 
been  largely  made  up  by  Dr.  Eugene  Allen  Smith,  State  Ge 
ologist,  since  1873.  They  are  displayed  in  Smith  Hall,  a  new 
building  of  Ionic  style  of  architecture.  The  following  para 
graphs  from  the  University  Catalogue,  1909,  descriptive  of  the 
museum  rooms  are  of  interest : 

"The  main  or  central  portion  of  the  building  is  the  Museum 
of  Geology  and  Natural  History.  On  the  first  floor  is  the  cen 
tral  or  entrance  hall  with  stairway  opposite  the  front  entrance, 
used  for  the  display  of  large  specimens  of  iron  ore,  coal,  lime 
stone,  fossil  coal  plants,  etc.  To  the  north  of  this  hall  are  two 
large  rooms  separated  by  a  cross  hall,  and  used  for  laboratories 
for  Mineralogy.  To  the  south  of  the  hall  are  two  similar 
rooms',  one  for  the  librarv  of  the  Geological  Survey  and  De 
partment  of  Geology,  and  the  other  for  the  Chemical  labora 
tory  of  the  Survey. 

"The  entire  second  floor.  110  by  59  feet,  and  the  gallery  13 
feet  wide,  forming  the  third  floor  and  supported  by  Corin 
thian  columns  extending  from  main  floor  to  ceiling,  are  de 
voted  to  the  storage  and  exhibition  of  the  Geological  and  Na 
tural  History  collections,  in  suitable  cases,  arranged  between 
the  windows,  against  the  end  walls,  and  in  the  central  part  of 
the  hall.  A  central  skvlight,  40  by  70  feet,  and  windows  on 
both  sides  of  the  hall,  provide  ample  illumination." 

The    following   detailed    description   of   the   collections,   has 
been  prepared     by  Mr.  Herbert     A.   Smith,  Curator     of  the 
Museum : 
AUTAUGA  COUNTY: 

Prattville.     Two  stone     mills     or   grinding-stones;      two     celts 

(stone  axes)    one  very  large. 
BALDWIN  COUNTY : 

Arrow-points  and  fragments  of  ornamented  pottery  from  shell- 
heaps. 


32  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

BARBOUE  COUNTY: 

Eufaula.     Small  discoidal  stone. 
BIBB  COUNTY: 

Centrevillc.     Large  earthern  pot,  probably  a  burial-jar. 
BLOUNT  COUNTY : 

Near  Hanby's  MiU.     Celt  of  schistose  rock,  peculiar  form.     Bat 
tle-axe   of  hard   sandstone,   with   groove   for   attachment  of 
handle,  locality  unknown,  two  celts. 
BUTLER  COUNTY: 

Monterey.     Granite  celt. 
Pigeon  Creek.     Stone  bead. 
CHOCTAW  COUNTY: 

N.  W.  of  St.  Stephens.     Polished  celt. 
CLAY  COUNTY: 

Mosely.     Pickaxe-shaped  polished  stone,  probably  an  ornament. 
COLBERT  COUNTY: 

Bear  Greek.     Stone  knife. 
CONECUII  COUNTY  : 

Mound  on  Murder  Creek,  two  miles  south  of  Evergreen.  Frag 
ments  of  ornamented  pottery,  ironstone  spindle-whorl,  fos 
sil  sharks  teeth  (perhaps  used  as  tools),  fragments  of  bones, 
etc. 

Ridge  on  Murder  Creek,  one  half  mile  from  Old  Sparta.     Several 
clay   figurines,   probably   fragments   of   ornamented    pottery. 
Obsidian  arrow-points. 
COOSA  COUNTY : 

Near  the  Coosa  River.     Copper  ornament   (?)   shaped  somewhat 

like  a  capital  letter  H,  supposed  to  be  of  Indian  origin. 
CRENSHAW  COUNTY : 

4  Miles  8.  E.  of  Rutledge.     Stone  pipe. 
DALLAS  COUNTY: 

Sehna.     Clay  burial-jar,  ornamented.  Painted  clay  pot. 
ELM  ORE  COUNTY: 

River  plain  one  half  mile  South  of  Wetumpka.     Large  flint  ar 
row-point. 
ETOWAH  COLTNTY: 

Lees'burg.   Several   flint  knives. 
FAYETTE  COUNTY  : 

Fayette  Court  House.  Polished  trough-shaped  stone  (chert) 
with  holes  for  attachment.  Whether  these  objects  were 
tools  or  ornaments  is  unknown,  but  they  were  evidently 
valuable  to  the  Indians,  as  they  are  elaborately  finished,  and 
must  have  required  much  time  in  the  making.  There  are 
several  in  the  Museum  collection. 

Barrel-shaped  stone,  hollowed  at  each  end.     Use  unknown. 
Two  stone  battle-axes  with  grooves  for  attachment  of  handles. 

Celt. 

12   miles  W.   of  Fayette  Court  House.     Small   celt 
11    miles    E.    of   Fayette    Court  House   ornament    (?)    of   quart- 

zite,  shaped  much  like  a  vertebral  bone. 
Exact   locality   unknown,   polished   trough-shaped   stone    (chert) 

similar  to  that  of  Fayette  Court  House. 
Soapstone  pipe  representing  a  bird,  a  very  fine  specimen. 
Hollowed  discoidal  stone,  probably  used  for  grinding  clay  points. 
Two  ornaments  ( ?)  of  quartzite.  shaped  like  vertebral  bones. 
These  are  among  the  most  elaborate  of  the  antiquities  in  the 
Museum. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL   SOCIETY.  33 

Pearl    breast-ornament,    made    from    a   unio    or    other   large   vi- 
valve  discoidal  about  5  inches  in  diameter,  with  holes  for 
attachment. 
Stone     club-heads,  polished     stone  celts,     stone  battle-axe     with 

grooved  handle. 

Fragments  of  ornamented  pottery. 
LOWNDES  COUNTY: 

Stone  mill  or  grinding-stone  of  porphyritic  rock. 

Polished  trough-shaped  stone,  resembling  in  form  the  one  from 

Fayette  county. 
MARENGO  COUNTY  : 

Moscow.     Hollowed   stone    (nut-stone.) 
Prairieville.     Polished   celt,  very  large  and  fine. 
MARION  COUNTY: 

Trough-shaped    polished    stone,    resembling   the   ones    described 

from  Fayette  county. 
MOBILE  COUNTY: 

Small  clay  bottle,  unornamented. 

Clay  ball,  found  in  a  shell-heap  on  the  shores  of  Mobile  Bay. 
Large  stone  pipe. 

Flat  stone   implement,   ornamented   with   holes   for  attachment. 
Celt. 
ST.  CLAIR  COUNTY: 

Celt  and  arrow-points. 
TALLAPOOSA  COUNTY: 

Near  Dadeville.    One  bowl  with  handles;  and  a  part  of  another. 
Big  Sandy  Creek,  South  of  Dadeville.    Large  stone  bowl,  similar 

to  the  last. 

Five  miles  N.  of  Dadeville.     Stone  bowl  with  handles  (broken.) 
TUSCALOOSA  COUNTY  : 

Near  Tuscaloosa.     Disk-shaped  flat  stone. 

Site   of  old  Indian  town  of  Tuscaloosa,  one   mile  west  of  the 

Tuscaloosa  bridge.     Mill  and  pestle  for  grinding  corn. 
Stone  Graves,  on  or  near  the  farm  of  the  Insane  Hospital,  one 

mile  east  of  Tuscaloosa. 
Skull  and  portions  of  jaw-bones. 

Clay  pot  with  loops  for  a  band,  found  with  a  skeleton. 
Ornamented  clay  pot,  with  beating-stone. 
Hollowed  stone    (nut-stone)    and  pestles. 

Arrow-points,    discoidal    stones,    small    celts,   fragments    of   pot 
tery,  mussel-shells,  stone  beads,  etc. 

Farm  of  Insane  Hospital.    Large  battle-axe,  grooved  for  handle. 
Logan's  Bluff.     Beads  made  from  shell  pearl. 
McCalla,    near    Tuscaloosa.      Stone    pestle    for    breaking    nuts, 

found   in  a  stone  grave. 
Foster's  Ferry.     Ornamented  clay  bowl. 
Clay  bowl  with  ornamented  loops  for  attachment. 
Small  clay  vase  representing  a  frog. 

Clay  vase  with  scratch-work  ornaments  representing  birds. 
Carthage.     Carved    burial   pot-cover;    a   thin   disk   of   fine  hard 
sandstone    with    figures    and    ornaments    of    great    interest. 
A   cast  is  in  the  National  Museum,  and  a  similar  cast  is 
with  the  original. 
Ornamented  clay  vase. 
Two  painted  clay  bottles. 
Clay  vase  with  scratch-work  figures  of  wild  geese  ( ?) 

3  A 


34  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

Two  clay  bowls,  ornamented  with  scratch-work  and  painted. 

Clay  vase,  ornamented. 

Clay  vase  with   ornaments   in   relief  and  scratch-work. 

Small  clay  cooking-bowl  with  handles. 

C\ay  pipe,  ornamented. 

Polished   celt,   peculiar  form. 

Celt  of  ordinary  form. 

Four   discoidal   stones    (Chunkee   stones.) 

Turkey  Creek.     Fragment  of  ornamented  clay  pot. 

Plantation  of  Morgan  Clements.     Three  discoidal  stones. 

Fragments  of  "plummet"  stone  (so  called). 

Near  Warrior  River,  above  Tuscaloosa.  Clay  vase  from  a  stone 
grave. 

Hollowed  stone    (nut-stone). 

Arrow-points  and  celts. 

Ed-act  locality  -unknown.  Pipe  of  red  sandstone,  (fine),  polished 
stone  axe. 

Stone  pipe  representing  a  bird1,  ceremonial  form,  very  large  and 
fine. 

Burial  pot-cover,  similar  to  that  from  Carthage,  but  less  elab 
orately  carved.  This  was  found  covering  an  Indian  skull, 
and  there  was  a  similar  disc  under  the  skull. 

Small  clay  cooking-pot,  ornamented. 

Axe-shaped  object  of  polished  stone,  bored  longitudinally.     Dis 
coidal  stone. 
WASHINGTON  COUNTY  : 

Stone  object,  shaped  like  the  letter  X,   roughly  made  and  not 

polished. 
WILCOX  COUNTY: 

River  Plain,  below  Black's  Bluff,  mill  or  grinding-stone  (hard 
sandstone)  with  pestle. 

Large  celt.     Stone  knife.     Arrow-points. 

Exact  locality  unknown.     Celts  and  arrow-heads. 

In  addition  to  the  objects  listed  above,  the  Museum  possesses 
many  which  are  known  to  be  from  Alabama,  but  the  exact 
locality  has  been  lost.  These  include  polished  stone  orna 
ments  and  utensils,  celts,  arrow-points,  vases,  bowls,  etc. 
Some  of  them  of  great  interest.  Heretofore  no  special  ef 
fort  has  been  made  to  increase  the  collection  of  antiqui 
ties,  and  no  excavations  have  been  made,  except  in  the  im 
mediate  vicinity  of  the  University  (Insane  Hospital  Farm, 
etc.) 


DR.  HAMILTON  M.  WEEDON. 

Dr.  Hamilton  M.  Weedon,  of  Troy,  Ala.,  has  a  small  col 
lection,  containing  approximately  one  hundred  arrow-points 
and  spear-heads,  several  celts,  one  chisel,  a  perforated  brown 
stone  pickaxe,  a  skull,  and  two  iron  tomahawks.  It  has*  been 
brought  together  in  the  last  five  years. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  35 

DR.  H.  M.  WHELPLEY. 

Perhaps  the  largest  private  collection  of  objects  found  in 
Alabama  belongs  to  Dr.  H.  M.  Whelpley,  of  St.  Louis.  This 
collection,  however,  contains  many  thousand  items  obtained 
elsewhere.  Dr.  Whelpley  in  1908  purchased  the  collection 
made  by  the  late  George  W.  B.  McKnight,  one  of  the  most 
diligent  and  discriminating  of  collectors.  Mr.  McKnight  made 
occasional  visits  to  East  Alabama  from  1887  to  1905,  during 
which  period  he  made  up  his  collection.  A  description  cannot 
be  given,  but  note  is  made  of  the  following :  One  large  soap- 
stone  calumet  pipe,  one  large  chisel,  one  lot  of  striped  quartz 
beads,  and  several  fine  celts. 


JOHN  C.  WILLIAMS. 

In  the  office  of  Our  Mountain  Home,  of  Talladega,  John  C. 
Williams',  editor  and  proprietor,  has  on  display  a  large  num 
ber  of  historical  and  archaeological  specimens,  all  secured  near 
the  town.  Detailed  description  is  not  available.  The  collec 
tion  has  been  promised  to  the  Alabama  State  Department  of 
Archives  and  History. 


III.  MOUNDS  AND  PREHISTORIC 
WORKS  IN  ALABAMA. 


The  following  catalogue  and  bibliography  of  Alabama 
Mounds  and  Prehistoric  Works  is  presented  as  a  basis  for 
further  enlargement,  additions  and  corrections.  It  will  also 
aid  in  future  exploration  work.  In  form  it  follows  the  valu 
able  pioneer  volume  of  Cyrus  Thomas,  Prehistoric  Works  Hast 
of  the  Rocky  Mountains,  published  in  1891,  by  the  Bureau 
of  American  Ethnology.  Mr.  Thomas's  brief  work  for 
Alabama  was  elaborated  and  published,  with  many  additions, 
in  the  Report  of  the  Alabama  History  Commission,  which  ap 
peared  in  1901,  as  Vol.  i  of  the  "Miscellaneous  Collections"  of 
the  Alabama  Historical  Society.  The  present  catalogue  is  a 
still  further  enlargement. 

BALDWIN  COUNTY. 

Mound  on  Perdido  Bay,  near  Josephine  post-office,  contain 
ing  a  large  amount  of  pottery  in  fragments. 

Reported  by  Francis  H.  Parsons,  of  the  U.  S.  Coast  and  Geodet 
ic  Survey. 

Shell-heaps  on  the  Mobile  River  at  its  mouth,  especially  on 
Simpson  Island,  from  which  human  remains,  bone  imple 
ments,  and  pottery  have  been  obtained.  These  are  different 
from  most  others  in  being  largely  of  clam-shells.  They  have 
been  much  drawn  on  for  paving  purposes  in  Mobile,  and  many 
of  them  are  thus  much  reduced. 

Described  by  A.  S.  Gaines  and  K.  M.  Cunningham,  in  Smith 
sonian  Report,  1877,  pp.  290-291  and  Peter  J.  Hamilton's  Colo 
nial  Mobile,  (1897),  p.  71. 

Shell-banks  on  the  eastern  shore  of  Mobile  Bay,  one  mile 
from  Point  Clear. 

Reported  by  Cornelius  Cadle,  in  Smithsonian  Report,  1879,  p. 
442. 

Mound  on  the  extremity  of  Bear  Point,  a  peninsula,  in  Per 
dido  Bay,  in  which  human  bones  and  a  number  of  earthen 
pots — some  containing  portions  of  skulls,  were  found. 

Examined  and  described  by  G.  M.  Sternberg,  in  Proceedings 
American  Association  Advancement  of  Science,  1875,  vol.  24,  pp. 
287-290. 

(36) 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL   SOCIETY.  37 

Mounds  and  other  works  on  the  Tensaw  River  near  where 
Battle  River  leaves  it,  in  one  of  which  broken  pottery  was 
found. 

Described  and  figured  by  A.  Bigelow,  in  American  Journal 
Science  and,  Art,  2nd  series,  1853,  vol.  15,  pp.  186-192. 

Shell-bank  near  old  Blakeley,  east  bank  of  Tensaw  River, 
in  T.  3,  S.,  R.  1  E. 

Hamilton's  Colonial  Mobile,  p.  5. 
Mounds  and  shell-banks. 

Noted  by  Mrs.  W.  E.  Sorsby,  in  Transactions  Alabama  Histor 
ical  Society,  1898-99,  vol.  iii,  pp.  50-51. 

Mound  on  creek  about  eight  miles  inland  from  Stockton, 
perhaps  40ft.  high,  40  wide  and  100  long,  on  McMillan  lands. 

Shell-banks  high  and  extensive  on  Bon  Secour  Bay,  near 
Gasque  P.  O.  These  are  used  for  market  gardens  and  pro 
duce  watermelons  and  vegetables  famous  for  their  early  date 
and  fine  quality. 

Mound  half  mile  inland,  about  one  mile  from  mouth  of  Per- 
dido  Bay,  not  so  high  as  last,  but  larger.  Scrub  oaks  and 
other  trees  are  growing  on  it.  It  has  been  dug  into  more 
than  once.  A  handsome  clay  head,  pitcher  handle  and  other 
articles  from  it  are  in  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  Museum  at  Mobile. 

Reported  by  Peter  J.  Hamilton,  Mobile,  Ala.  See  Colonial 
Mobile,  p.  5. 

Mounds'  on  Tensaw  at  and  above  Stockton,  the  former  resi 
dence  of  Maj.  Robert  Farmer. 

Described  by  Bartram,  1777.  See  also  Hamilton's  Colonial 
Mobile,  p.  238;  and  Journal  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of 
Philadelphia,  1905,  vol.  xiii,  p.  294. 

Canal  connecting  Bay  John  with  lagoon  east  of  Fort  Mor 
gan.  Now  almost  obliterated. 

Mound  on  island  at  Battle  Creek,  described  as  50ft.  high 
and  perhaps  the  largest  of  this  section. 
In  Hamilton's  Colonial  Mobile,  p.  42. 

Certain  aboriginal  remains,  Mobile  Bay. 

Mounds  on  Simpson  Island. 

Shell  deposit  at  Blakeley. 

Mound  near  Starke's  Wharf. 

Shell-mound  near  Fish  River. 

Shell-ridge  near  Bon  Secour  River. 

Mounds  on  Seymour's  Bluff. 

Shell-bank,  Strong's  Bayou. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1905,  vol.  xiii,  pp.  280-295. 


38  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

BARBOUB. 

Mounds  near  Eufaula. 

Noticed   by  J.   M.   McElroy,   in   Smithsonian  Report,   1879,   p. 
444. 

Remains  of  an  old  Creek  town,  three  miles  northeast  of  Eu 
faula,  on  the  St.  Francis  Bend  of  the  Chattahoochee  River. 

In   Twelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,  1890-91,   p. 
289. 

Mound  of  red  clay,  two  miles  above  Eufaula,  on  Chatta 
hoochee  River,  located  on  property  of  Mr.  H.  Lampley. 
Domiciliary. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1907,  vol.  xiii,  p.  448. 

Mound,  near  north  side  of  Williams  Lake,  about  one-half 
mile  from  Upper  Francis  landing,  Chattahoochee  River.  Not 
investigated. 

Ibid,  p.  448. 

Two  mounds,  located  four  miles  south  of  Clayton  on  the 
farm  of  John  Bell.  These  mounds  are  each  about  15  ft. 
high,  and  about  50  ft.  in  diameter  at  the  base.  They  are 
about  forty  yards'  apart,  north  and  south. 

Reported  by  Prof.  Henry  S.  Halbert  from  conversations  with 
A.  S.  Reynolds,  of  Clayton. 

BLOTJNT. 

Cache  of  seventeen  chipped  implements,  spear-heads,  etc., 
in  a  field  near  Blountsville. 

Reported  by  Frank  Burns,  in  Smithsonian  Report,  1882,  p.  826. 
Burial-cave,  known  as  "Cramp's  Cave,"  fifteen  miles  south  of 
Blountsville,   in   which   skeletons,   wooden  trough,   bark  mat 
ting,  copper  articles,  etc.,  have  been  found. 
Ibid.  p.  826. 

See  also  Twelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,  1890- 
91,  p.  286; 

Brewer's  Alabama,  p.  139;  and 

Tuomey's  Second  Biennial  Report  on  the  Geology  of  Alabama, 
P-- 

Mounds  in  Murphree's  valley,  also  in  the  trough  of  the 
Locust  Fork  of  the  Warrior,  in  Blountsville  valley,  in  Brown's 
valley,  and  northwest  of  the  Mulberry  Fork. 

In  George  Powell's  "History  of  Blount  County,"  in  Transac 
tions  Alabama  Historical  Society,  1855,  pp.  58-59. 

Old  fortification  near  the  junction  of  the  Little  Warrior  and 
Locust  Fork. 
Ibid. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  39 

BULLOCK. 

Mound  on  plantation  of  J.  H.  Fielder,  ten  miles  from 
Union  Springs. 

In  Transactions  Alabama  Historical  Society,  1899-1900,  vol.  iv. 
p.  935. 

BUTLEK. 

Ancient  mounds  in  this  county. 

In  John  B.  Little's  History  of  Butler  County,   (1885),  pp.  143- 
145. 

Two  mounds.  One  located  a  mile  and  a  half  northwest  of 
Oaky  Streak,  and  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  above  Pigeon 
Creek — on  east  side  of  creek — perhaps  half  a  mile  distant.  This 
mound  is  in  a  hammock  on  Lovett  Wilson's  farm.  The  mound 
is  about  4  ft.  high  and  15  ft.  in  diameter. 

The  second  mound  is  about  the  same  size,  and  is  on  H.  C. 
Smith's  farm,  in  southeast  corner  of  the  county.  The  mound 
is  on  or  near  the  county  line  separating  Butler  and  Crenshaw 
county,  and  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  the  southeast  cor 
ner  of  Butler  county. 

Reported  by  Prof.  Henry  S.  Halbert  from  conversations  with 
E.  Y.  Shines  and  Aubrey  W.  Smith,  of  Butler  county. 

CALHOUN. 

Large  isolated  mound  about  three  miles  southwest  of  Oxford 
on  the  Carver  place,  near  Choccolocco  creek. 

Noticed  by  Elston   Luttrell,   in  Smithsonian  Report,   1882,   p. 
827. 
Also  reported  by  J.  P.  Rogan. 

CHEROKEE. 

Ancient  parallel  ditches  at  the  falls  of  Little  River,  in  the 
northwest  corner  of  the  county,  near  the  DeKalb  county 
line.  Also  rock  houses,  or  caves  in  the  vicinity. 

In   Pickett's  Alabama    (1st  ed.),  vol.   1,   pp.   175-176;    Owen's 
edition   (1900),  pp.  156-157. 

See  also  The  Missionary  Herald,  1824,  vol.  xx,  pp.  12-13. 
Brewer's  Alabama,  pp.  166,  236. 

CHILTON. 

Mounds  at  Varna,  on  the  South  and  North  Alabama  Rail 
road,  (L.  &  N.),  near  the  old  Repito  "Gold  Mine,"  on  Sec.  16, 
T.  21  N.,  R.  16  E. 

Reported  by  Dr.  Eugene  A.  Smith. 

Stone  heaps  in  T.  23  N.,  R.  14  E.,  of  St.  Stephens'  Meri 
dian,  three  and  one-half  miles  northeast  of  Jemison  Station, 
South  and  North  Alabama  Railroad  (L.  &  N.) 

Described   by  William  Gesner,   in   Smithsonian  Report,   1881, 
pp.  616-617. 


40  HANDBOOK,  1910. 

CHOCTAW. 

Mound  near  Bass'  landing,  Tombigbee  River. 
Mound  near  Powers'  landing. 
Mound  near  Steiner's  landing. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1905,  vol.  xiii,  pp.  263,  264,  269, 
275. 

CLARKE. 

Burying-ground  and  mound  on  the  site  of  old  Fort  Mau- 
vila  (the  latter  now  obliterated),  four  and  one-half  miles  east 
of  Gainestown  on  the  bank  of  Alabama  River,  in  Sec.  2,  T.  5 
N.,  R.  4  E. 

In  Twelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,  1890-91,  p. 
289. 

Group  of  mounds,  with  Indian  ball-ground,  and  burial- 
ground,  five  miles'  north  of  Wood's  Bluff,  and  one-half  mile 
from  Alabama  River. 

In  T.  H.  Ball's  Clarke  County,  and  its  Surroundings  (1882), 
pp.  672-673. 

Morrisette  mound,  near  Marshall's  Bluff  landing,  Alabama 
River. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1899,  vol.  xi,  p.  296. 

Mound  near  the  Cut-off,  Tombigbee  River. 
Mound  on  Hook's  plantation. 
Mound  at  Payne's  woodyard,  Tombigbee  River. 
Mound  near  Carney's  Bluff. 
Mounds  near  Jackson. 
Mounds  near  Jackson  landing. 
Mound  in  Kimbell's  field. 
Mound  near  Malone's  gin. 
Mound  at  Cox's  landing. 
Dwelling  site  at  Thornton's  upper  landing. 
Mound  near  Noble's  gin. 
Mound   near  and  below   Bashi   Creek. 
Ibid.  1905,  vol.  xiii,  pp.   246-278. 
CLAY. 

Stone  mound  in  Sec.  26,  T.  19  S.,  R.  7  E. 

Briefly  described  by  William  Gesner,  in  Smithsonian  Report, 
1879,  p.  382. 

Ancient  mica  quarrv  in  Sec.  26,  T.  19  S.,  R.  7  E. 
Ibid. 

COFFEE. 

Mound  in  T.  6.  R.  19  W. 

In  Transactions  Alabama  Historical  Society,  1899-1900,  vol. 
iv. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  41 

COLBERT. 

Large  mound  near  lock  on  Colbert  Shoals  Canal,  Ten- 
essee  River,  near  Riverton. 

Excavated  and  explored  by  the  Academy  of  Science,  Daven 
port,  Iowa.     Done  by  Mr.  Hall. 

There  were  three  of  the  mounds  in  this  group  originally. 
One  was  removed  by  the  Northern  Alabama  Railroad  for  its 
tracks.  Another  was  leveled  and  on  its  site  were  placed  the 
batteries  to  command  the  point  on  the  river  in  the  War  of 
Secession. 

Reported  by  Dr.  George  T.  McWhorter,  Riverton,  Ala. 
CONECUH. 

Turk's  cave,  near  Brooklyn. 
In  Brewer's  Alabama,  p.  194. 

COVINGTON. 

Three  mounds  on  Conecuh  River. 

In  Brewer's  Alabama,  p.  202. 
Cave  on  Yellow  River,  of  vast  extent. 

lUd. 

CKENSHAW. 

Three  mounds,  two  large  and  one  small,  on  plantation  of 
a  Mr.  McLeod,  two  miles'  northwest  of  Glenwood  station, 
Central  of  Georgia  Railroad.  Near  a  small  creek.  Probable 
village  site  and  cemetery.  A  few  surface  finds  made  here. 

Reported  by  Peter  A.  Brannon,  Secretary  of  the  Alabama  An 
thropological  Society,  Montgomery,  Ala. 

DALE. 

Mounds  near  Sylvan  Grove.  Located  above  Newton. 
From  it  bones,  Indian  relics  and  antiquarian  objects  have  been 
taken. 

Reported  by  J.  F.  Pouncy,  Daleville,  Ala. 

Two  small  mounds,  located  two  miles  east  of  Skipperville, 
and  on  the  road  leading  from  Skipperville  to  Clopton,  now 
considerably  worn  down.  They  are  about  two  hundred  yards 
apart,  east  and  west.  The  western  mound  is'  in  a  cultivated 
field,  the  eastern  in  an  old  abandoned  field.  The  road  runs 
along  the  southern  base  of  the  eastern  mound.  Each  is'  about 
4  or  5  ft.  high,  and  about  20  ft.  in  diameter  at  the  base.  The 
eastern  mound  has  been  slightly  explored. 

Reported  by  Prof.  H.  S.  Halbert  from  conversations  with  D. 
P.  Mixon  and  J.  W.  Mathison,  of  Ozark,  Ala. 


42  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

DALLAS. 

Ancient  ditches  at  Cahaba. 

Incidental  mention  in  Pickett's  Alabama   (1st  ed1.),  vol.  i,  p. 
172;  and  Owen's  edition  (1900),  p.  155. 
See  also  Brewer's  Alabama,  p.  209. 

Mound  on  the  Joel  Mathews'  place,  Alabama  River,  about 
one  mile  below  Cahaba  on  the  right  bank. 

Mound  on  the  Hunter  place,  Alabama  River,  about  four 
miles  below  Selma  on  the  right  bank. 

Aboriginal  cemetery,  Durand's  Bend,  Alabama  River, 
about  thirteen  miles  above  Selma  by  water. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  Natural 
Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1899,  vol.  xi,  pp.  302-319;  figures. 

Ancient  mound,  about  eight  miles  south  of  Selma,  a  quar 
ter  of  a  mile  north  of  Cedar  Creek,  and  near  the  public  road. 
It  is  oblong,  about  8  ft.  high  and  60  ft.  long,  north  and 
south.  So  far  as  known  it  has  never  been  explored. 

Reported    by    Prof.    H.    S.    Halbert    from    conversations    with 
Messrs.  J.  M.  and  A.  M.  L/ide,  R.  P.  D.  1,  Selma. 

ELMORE. 

"Old  Fort  Jackson  Works,"  mounds  and  house  sites,  and 
remains  of  old  French  Fort  Toulouse  and  United  States  Fort 
Jackson,  near  the  junction  of  the  Coosa  and  Tallapoosa 
Rivers. 

In   Twelfth   Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,   1890-91,    pp. 
288-289. 
See  also  Brewer's  Alabama,  p.  239. 

Mound  at  Wetumpka. 

Reported  by  James  D.  Middleton. 

Mounds'  and  house  remains  on  the  west  bank  of  the  Coosa 
River,  about  a  mile  above  where  it  is  joined  by  the  Talla 
poosa. 

Mound  on  an  island  in  Jackson's  lake,  six  miles  north  of 
Montgomery. 

The  "Parker  Mound"  on  the  Coosa  River,  near  its  junction 
with  the  Tallapoosa. 

In  Twelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,  1890-91,  pp. 
286-288. 

Mound  near  Horse-Shoe  Bend  about  five  miles  below  Mont 
gomery,  on  the  right  bank  of  Alabama  River. 
Mound  at  Jackson's  Bend,  on  the  Coosa  River. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  Natural 
Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1899,  vol.  xii.  pp.  333,  346. 

Mound  two  miles  N.  E.  of  Ware's1  ferry  on  south  side 
Ware's  ferry  road,  Elmore  county. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  43 

Mound  on  Dozier's  plantation  on  north  side  of  Tallapoosa 
River  one  and  a  half  miles  from  Ware,  Ala. 

Mound  in  bend  of  Tallapoosa  River,  one  mile  south  of 
Tuckabatchie. 

Mound  in  Jackson's  Bend,  Elmore  county  one  quarter  mile 
from  Alabama  River,  two  miles  above  Coosada   ferry.     Ex 
tensive  village  and  work  shop  sites  adjacent  to  this  mound. 
All  reported  by  Buckner  Beasley,  Montgomery. 

On  the  plantation  of  L.  G.  Daws'on  of  Ware,  Alabama,  and 
located  one  mile  due  northwest  from  Scott's  Station,  Western 
of  Alabama  Railway,  (across  the  river)  is  a  large  domiciliary 
mound,  now  grown  up  in  large  pine  trees.  The  mound  lies 
due  east  and  west  and  is  flanked  at  each  end  by  wings,  or 
works  which  curve  around  from  it  in  a  southeasterly  and 
southwesterly  direction,  the  one  on  the  west  appearing  to 
have  been  thrown  up  to  shield  it  from  the  high  waters  of  a 
large  lake  into  which  the  high  waters  of  the  Tallapoosa  River 
back  during  freshets.  This  (west)  wing  is  about  one  fifth  the 
size  of  the  mound  proper.  The  east  wing  is  much  longer  and 
smaller,  extending  in  the  direction  of,  but  not  within  fifty 
yards  of  the  large  lake  east  of  the  mound.  The  mound  proper 
is1  now  196  1-2  feet  long  at  base;  150  feet  wide  at  west  end 
where  it  adjoins  the  wing;  143  feet  center  diameter,  nt  base; 
50  feet  greater  length  at  top  and  flat;  about  12  feet  high,  the 
general  outline  of  mound  proper  is  elliptical.  South  of  the 
mound  the  ground  for  one  and  a  half  to  two  acres  is  much 
lower  than  that  above  (north),  showing  that  the  material  used 
in  constructing  it  was  obtained  here.  Evidences  of  aboriginal 
occupancy  are  to  be  seen  northeast,  east,  and  southeast  of  the 
site.  Two  slate  hoes  were  found  by  Mr.  Beasley  and  Mr. 
Horton,  March  20,  1910. 

Reported  by  Buckner  Beasley,  E.  C.  Horton.  and  P.  A.  Bran- 
non,  Montgomery. 

GREENE. 

A  group  of  mounds  on  the  Black  Warrior  River,  near  Knox- 
ville.  in  the  northeast  corner  of  the  County. 

Reported  by  E.  A.  Smith. 

Mound  on  Warrior  River,  about  a  half  mile  below  Steph 
ens'  Bluff. 

Old  fortification  on  the  Tombigbee  River,  three  miles 
southwest  of  Forkland. 

In  V.  Gayle  Snedicor's  Directory  of  Greene  County  (1856),  pp. 
71-73. 
Indian  burial-ground  near  Sardis  Church. 

In    Transactions   Alabama   Historical   Society,    1899-1900,    vol. 
iv.,  p.  235. 


44  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

Mound  at  Cook's  landing-,  Tombigbee  River. 
Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Natural 
Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1901,  vol.  xi,  p.  505. 

Camp  site,  at  East  Bluffport  landing,  Tombigbee  River. 

Ibid.  p.  505;  figure. 

Brasfield  mound,  about  one  half  mile  northeast  from  Bras- 
field  landing,  Tombigbee  River.  Clarence  B.  Moore,  who  per 
sonally  examined  it,  says :  "This  mound  and  the  Grant  mound 
near  the  North  of  the  St.  John's  River,  Florida,  are  the  most 
impressive  in  appearance  it  has  been  our  fortune  to  meet  with. 
The  mound,  on  land  high  above  the  wash  of  freshets,  has  to-day 
as  sharp  an  outline,  practically,  as  when  it  was  completed." 

Ibid.  pp.  506-507. 
Mound  at  Cole's  landing,  Tombigbee  River. 

Ibid.  p.  507. 
Mounds  near  McAlpin's  woodyard,  Warrior  River. 

Ibid.  1905,  vol.  xiii,  p.  126. 
Mound  near  Stephens'  Bluff,  Warrior  River. 

Ibid,  p.  127. 

Mound  at  Calvin's  landing,  Warrior  River. 
Ibid,  p.  127. 

HALE. 

Mounds  and  cemeteries,  in  Tuscaloosa  and  Hale  counties, 
near  Moundsville  (old  Carthage),  Hale  county. 

Noticed  in  Pickett's  Alabama  (1st  ed.),  vol.  i,  p.  168;  Owen's 
edition  (1900),  p.  151.  See  also  Thruston's  Antiquities  of  Ten 
nessee  (1897),  pp.  186-187,  333-334,  and  Brewer's  Alabama,  p. 
271. 

In  1905  and  1906  these  mounds  were  fully  explored  by  Mr. 
Clarence  B.  Moore,  who  published  the  results  in  Journal  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1905  and  1907,  vol.  xiii,  pp. 
128-243,  337-405. 

In  a  private  letter  to  P.   A.   Brannon,   Secretary  of  the  Ala 
bama  Anthropological  Society,  Mr.  Moore  says: 

"I  do  not  think  in  the  Southern  States  there  is  a  group  of 
Mounds  to  compare  to  Moundville,  in  the  arrangement  and  state 
of  preservation  of  the  mounds." 

"The  time  will  come  when  the  State  of  Alabama  will  regret 
not  having  purchased  and  preserved  these  wonderful  Monu 
ments." 

Mound  at  Arcola,  Warrior  River. 
Mounds  near  Cardy's  landing. 
Mound  below  lock  No.  7. 
Mound  near  Bohannon's  landing. 
Mound  in  Moundville. 
Ibid.  p.  126,  127,  243. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  45 

HENRY. 

^  Mound  on  Chattahoochee  River,  one  and  a  half  miles  below 
Columbia,  on  property  of  W.  L.  Crawford.     Domiciliary. 

Explored  and  described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1907,  vol.  xiii,  pp. 
444-446. 

Four  mounds  near  Purcell's  landing.  Chattahoochee  River. 
iua.  p.  446. 

HOUSTON. 

Mound  near  Fullmore's  upper  landing,  on  the  property  of 
Mr.  Cay  Thompson,  of  Columbia,  Ala.,  and  S.  of  S.  W.  about 
a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  landing.  Demolished  in  the  ex 
ploration. 

Explored  and  described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1907,  vol.  xiii  pp 
438-444;  figures. 

Mounds  on  the  Green  Pate  place.  One  large  mound  and 
some  small  mounds  adjacent.  Located  on  the  old  Green  Pate 
place  in  the  Choctawhatchee  swamp  on  east  side  of  the  river. 
Near  the  Newton  and  Geneva  dirt  road.  About  40  by 
60  feet  in  area  and  15  to  20  feet  in  height.  Covered  with 
oak  and  gum  trees.  Partially  explored.  Human  bones,  beads 
and  pottery  found.  Seems  to  have  been  covered  with  a  layer 
of  ashes  or  charcoal.  One  skeleton  found  in  it,  showing 
a  very  large  frame.  Skeleton  is  now  in  Ozark  in  possession 
of  a  physician. 

Reported   by   J.    F.   Pouncey   and   Dr.   J.   H.   Lingo,   Daleville, 
Ala. 

Mound  on  T.  J.  Watson's  farm,,  located  about  six  miles1 
northeast  of  Dothan  on  the  west  side  and  about  a  half  mile 
from  Omus'sec  Creek.  Originally  30  feet  or  more  in  diam 
eter,  and  5  feet  high,  but  now  much  worn  down.  Traces  of 
an  Indian  village  near  the  mound. 

Reported  by  Prof.  Henry  S.  Halbert  from  conversations  with 
J.  O.  Singleton,  of  Kinsey,  a  village  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
mound. 

JACKSON. 

Mound  on  west  bank  of  Tennessee  River,  one  mile  above 
Bridgeport. 

Three  small  mounds  on  west  bank  of  Tennessee  River,  three 
miles'  below  Bridgeport. 

Two  mounds  on  west  bank  of  Tennessee  River,  just  above 
Widow's  Creek. 

Mound  on  west  bank  of  Tennessee  River,  due  east  of  Steven 
son. 


46  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

Mound  on  east  bank  of  Tennessee  River  nearly  opposite 
last,  below  the  mouth  of  Morgan's  Creek. 

Three  small  mounds  on  west  bank  of  Tennessee  River,  at 
Sublette  ferry,  near  Bellefonte. 

All  reported  by  James  Mooney,  Bureau  of  Ethnology. 
JEFFERSON. 

Group  of  mounds  in  T.  17  S.,  R.  1  W.,  about  four  miles 
north  of  Birmingham  and  west  of  the  South  and  North  Ala 
bama  Railroad  (L.  &  N.) 

Described   by  William   Gesner,   in   Smithsonian  Report,   1881, 
p.  616. 

Large  quadrangular  mound  a  few  miles  from  Elyton. 

Mentioned    in    Pickett's    Alabama    (1st.    ed.) ,   vol.    i,    p.    178; 
Owen's  edition   (1900),  p.  159. 

Mounds  and  "furnaces"  on  Village  Creek. 

General  mention  by  C.  McKinley. 

The  Talley  mounds  near  old  Jonesborough  (southwest 
from  Bessemer),  on  Sec.  8,  T.  19,  S.,  R.  4  W. 

In  Twelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,  1890-91,  pp. 
290-292;   figures. 

An  Indian  grave  beside  an  old  trail  on  a  small  ridge  near 
Bullard's  s'hoals  on  Valley  Creek.  It  is  covered  with  stones, 
and  around  it  in  a  crescent  or  half-moon-shape  is  a  rude  stone 
rampart. 

Several  graves  on  Red  mountain  near  Red  Gap,  in  Sec.  21, 
T.  19  S.  R.  4,  W.,  East  and  opposite  the  Thomas  McAdory 
place. 

Reported  by  Thomas  M.  Owen. 

LAUDEEDALE. 

The  "Douglass  Mounds"  near  lock  No.  10  of  the  Muscle 
Shoals  Canal,  twelve  miles'  east  of  Florence. 

In  Twelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,  1890-91  pp. 
284-285. 

Hexagonal  mound  surrounded  by  a  wall,  on  the  bank  of 
the  Tennessee  near  Florence. 

Figured  and  described  in  Squier  and  Davis's  Ancient  Monu 
ments  of  the  Mississippi  Valley  (1848),  pp.  109-110. 

See  also  Pickett's  Alabama  (1st  ed.),  vol.  i,  pp.  168;   Owen's 
edition  (1900),  p.  151;  and 

Thruston's  Antiquities  of  Tennessee  (1897),  p.  274. 

"Stafford  Mound"  (or  shell-heap),  a  mile  south  of  Flor 
ence  on  the  bank  of  the  Tennessee  River. 

In  Twelfth     Annual  Report    Bureau  of    Ethnology,     1890-91, 
pp.  283-284. 

See  also   Transactions  Alabama  Historical  Society,  1899-1900, 
vol.  iv.,  p.  236. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  47 

LEE. 

Workshop,  east  of  Youngsborough,  on  the  Western  Rail 
road,  at  the  foot  of  Storey's  Mountain,  T.  19,  N.,  R.  27,  E. 

Brief  notice  by  William  Gesner,  in  Smithsonian  Report,  1879, 
p.  443. 

Village   sites   extending  North  of   Phoenix  City   along  the 
Chattahoochee    River    for   several   miles.      Numbers'   of   discs, 
arrow-points  and  spear-heads  to  be  found  in  this  locality. 
Reported   by  Peter  A.   Brannon,  Montgomery. 

Mound  and  cemetery  near  mouth  of  Soap  or  Wacoochee 
Creek. 

Figured    and    described    by   Peter    A.    Brannon    in    American 
Anthropologist,  April-June,  1909,  vol.  xi,  pp.  188-9. 

Large  aboriginal  town  site,  located  on  the  plantation  of  a 
Mr.  Powledge,  near  Wacoochee  Valley.     Numbers  of  fine  ar 
row-points  and  spear-heads  found  here. 
Reported  by  Mr.  Brannon. 

LOWNDES. 

Village  site,  or  burial-ground,  in  the  northeastern  corner 
of  the  county,  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Alabama  River,  at 
the  junction  of  Pintlala  Creek  with  the  river,  in  which  human 
bones  inclosed  in  double  pots,  and  ashes,  have  been  found. 

Mound  in  the  southern  part  of  the  county,  on  Mussel  Creek, 
on  land  of  Fisher  Merritt,  in  T.  12  N.,  R.  "l4  E. 

Mound  on  Big  Swamp  Creek,  in  the  centre  of  the  county, 
in  T.  14  N.,  R.  14  E. 

Mound  in  the  northern  part,  on  the  Alabama  River,  be 
tween  Whitehall  and  Benton. 

Brief   mention    of   the   three   mounds   by   W.    M.    Gavrett,    in 
Smithsonian  Report,  1879,  p.  443. 

"Workshops,"  near  Mount  Willing,  one  on  Mr.  Hartley's 
plantation,  Sec.  36,  T.  13  N.,  R.  13  E.,  and  one  on  Mr.  Lee's 
plantation,  Sec.  32,  T.  13  N.,  R.  14  E. 
lUd, 

MACON. 

Group  of  three  mounds,  ten  miles  below  Little  Tallassee,  on 
the  Alabama  River. 

In  Schoolcraft's  History  Indian  Tribes,   (1856),  vol.  5,  p.  282. 

Two  mounds  near  Hornady,  the  larger  mound  located 
about  one  and  a  half  miles  east  of  Hornady,  one  hundred  feet 
north  of  the  Western  Railway  of  Alabama,  and  one-fourth  of 
a  mile  south  of  Eufaube  Creek,  on  land  belonging  to  Dr.  Baker 
of  Gadsden.  It  is  almost  circular  at  the  base,  but  is  flat  on 


48  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

top,  the  sides  sloping  uniformly  all  around.  It  is  600  feet 
in  circumference  at  the  base  and  25  feet  high.  The  summit 
plateau  is  45  feet  square. 

The  smaller  mound  is  about  one  hundred  and  fifty  yards 
east  of  the  larger  one,  and  on  the  opposite  side  of  a  small 
stream.  It  has  been  worn  down  considerably  by  cultivation. 

Mound  near  Shorter,  located  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Tal- 
lapoosa  River  one  and  one-half  miles  north  of  Shorter  and 
one-half  mile  from  the  mouth  of  Calebee  Creek  on  the  land 
of  Mr.  J.  C.  Pinkston.  Its  south  side  rests  directly  on  the 
bank  of  the  river,  but  at  its'  base  on  the  other  side  it  is  circu 
lar  in  form.  Its  diameter  north  and  south  is  100  feet  and  east 
and  west  150  feet.  It  slopes  gradually  on  all  sides  to  the  top 
plateau,  which  is  50  feet  square.  It  is  10  feet  high.  On  the 
west  side  of  the  mound  is  a  winding  trench  about  2  feet  deep 
leading  from  the  top  of  the  mound  to  the  bas'e.  In  the  center 
of  the  mound  is  a  small  hole  which  is  similar  to  holes  left  by 
decayed  trees. 

Mound  on  land  of  Mrs.  F.  M.  Letcher,  located  in  woods  on 
what  is  known  as  the  Cloud  place,  now  belonging  to  Mrs. 
F.  M.  Letcher,  about  three  miles  from  Shorter,  and  one-half 
mile  from  Calebee  Creek.  It  is  6  feet  high  and  125  feet  in 
circumference  at  the  base.  Its  shape  is  a  round-topped  cone 
and  would  be  clas'sed  as  a  conical  mound.  In  the  center  of 
the  mound  a  hole  about  5  feet  deep,  6  feet  long  and  2  feet  wide 
has  been  dug. 

The  four  mounds  last  above  described  reported  by  J.  T.  Letch 
er,  Esq.,  Montgomery,  by  whom  they  have  been  personally  ex 
amined. 

MADISON. 

Mounds  on  Jones's  plantation,  near  Newmarket. 
Mounds  at  Hazel  Green,  on  the  old  Jeffries  place. 

Reported  by  Gilbert  Thompson,  U.  S.  Geological  Survey. 
Shell-heaps  at  Huntsville. 

Reported  by  Dr.  B.  Palmer,  Smithsonian  Institution. 
Large  shell-heap  on  the  north  bank  of  the  Tennessee  River, 
near  Whitesburg. 

In  Twelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,  1890-91,  p. 
285. 

Huntsville  Cave,  a  short  distance  from  the  Spring,  "a  great 
natural  curiosity,     and  affords1     the  mineralogical     student  a 
rich  harvest  in  limestone  formations  and  fossil  remains." 
In  William's  Huntsville  Directory,  1859,  p.  19. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  49 

MARENGO. 

Choctaw  cemetery  in  the  north  central  part  of  the  county. 
Described  by  H.   S.  Halbert,  in  American  Antiquarian,   1896, 
vol.  xviii,  p.  332. 
Indian  burial-ground  near  Prairieville. 

In    Transactions   Alabama   Historical    Society,    1899-1900,    vol. 
iv.,  p.  236. 

Mounds  near  Spragins'  mill  on  the  Tombigbee  River,  about 
eight  miles  below  Demopolis. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1901,  vol.  xi,  pp.  507-508. 

Large  number  of  mounds  about  one-half  mile  in  southerly 
direction  from  Bickley's  landing,  Tombigbee  River. 

Ibid.  pp.  511-514. 

Mound  on  the  \Yatters'  plantation. 
Mound  below  Horse  Creek. 
Mounds  near  mouth  of  Beaver  Creek. 
Mounds  near  Beckenridge  landing. 
Mounds  near  Rembert's  landing. 

Ibid.  1905,  vol.  xiii,  pp.  267,  269-276. 
MARION. 

Mound  on  Military  Road,  a  few  yards  from  crossing  of 
Buttahatchee  River  about  three  miles  south  of  Hamilton.  On 
the  south  bank  of  the  stream  and  north  of  road.  This  is  a 
small  mound,  perhaps  30  or  40  feet  in  diameter,  and  now  not 
more  than  10  or  lo  feet  high.  Close  up  to  the  bank,  evidently 
built  for  defense. 

Reported  by  T.  W.  Smith,  Ensley,  Ala. 
MARSHALL. 

Burial-cave,  known  as  "Hampton  Cave/'  about  one  mile 
west  of  Guntersville. 

In   Twelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,   1890-91,  p. 
285. 

See  also  Brewer's  Alabama,  p.  333;   and 

O.    D.    Street,    in    Transactions    Alabama    Historical    Society, 
1899-1900,  vol.  iv.,  p.  194,  note. 

Camping  ground  of  the  Cherokee  Indians  at  Gunter's  land 
ing,  one  mile  east  of  Guntersville. 

Dr.  E.  Palmer's  field  notes,  1883. 
Mounds  on  the  Tennessee  River. 

Mentioned  in  Brewer's  Alabama,  p.  383. 

See  also  O.  D.  Street  in  Transactions  Alabama  Historical  So 
ciety,  1899-1900,  vol.  iv.,  p.  194  note. 

Burial-cave  on  the  north  bank  of  Tennessee  River,  just 
above  the  mouth  of  Paint  Rock  River  on  the  farm  of  John 
H.  West. 

4  A 


50  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

Referred  to  by  O.  D.  Street,  in  Transactions  Alabama  Histori 
cal  Society,  1899-1900,  vol.  iv.,  p.  194  note. 

Shell-deposits     occurring-  frequently     along  the     Tennessee 
River  and  its  larger  tributaries,  in  which  are  sometime  found 
human  skeletons. 
Ibid,  p.  194. 

Small  mound  on  farm  of  M.  M.  Downey  on  Paint  Rock 
River,  about  10  feet  in  diameter  and  2  feet  high;  said  to  cover 
Indian  graves. 

Three  graves  at  the  "Old  Missionary"  inclosed  with  stones ; 
said  to  be  the  graves'  of  Indians  buried  there  in  the  early  part 
of  this  century. 

Group  of  three  mounds  on  the  farm  of  Thomas  M.  Patter 
son,  two  miles  south  of  Guntersville  in  southeast  portion 
Sec.  15,  T.  8,  R.  3  E.  The  largest  is  about  40  feet  in  diameter 
and  at  present  6  or  8  feet  high ;  the  two  smaller  stand  close 
together  about  fifty  yards  north  of  the  first,  and  have  been  par 
tially  explored,  lumps  of  galena,  beads  and  bones  being  found. 
The  largest  has'  never  been  opened.  All  have  been  plowed  over 
for  years,  which  has  considerably  reduced  their  height.  They 
stand  on  the  first  bend  above  the  Brown's  Creek  bottom. 

Group  of  four  or  five  mounds  in  the  south  bend  of  Tennes 
see  River  on  the  farm  of  R.  M.  Reives  about  three  miles'  above 
Guntersville.  All  have  been  plowed  over  for  years  and  occa 
sionally  human  bones  are  turned  up. 

Reported  by  O.  D.  Street,  Guntersville,  Ala. 
MOBILE. 

Large  shell-heap  at  the  south  end  of  the  county  on  the  north 
side  of  Bayou  Coq  d'Inde.  near  its  mouth,  a  few  miles  from 
Bayou  ta  Batre. 

Described  by  Maj.  W.  T.  Walthall,  in  Mobile  Tribune,  Aug.  11, 
1859.  Reprinted  in  16th  Report  Peabody  Museum,  pp.  186-189. 
Also  reported  by  Charles  Mohr,  in  Smithsonian  Report,  1881, 
p.  619. 

This,  the  next  and  other  mounds  on  the  Portersville  coast 
have  been  much  reduced  by  being  used  to  make  local  shell- 
roads.  In  them  have  been  found  much  pottery,  clay-heads,  ducks 
and  other  ornaments,  and  sometimes  human  bones. 

Shell-heaps  along  the  coast,  one  of  them  at  the  mouth  of 
Bayou  Como. 

Ibid. 
An  earth  mound  surrounded  by  a  shell-mound  near  Mobile. 

Mentioned   by  W.   S.  McNeil.  Mobile,  Ala. 

A  burial-ground,  near  Mount  Vernon,  about  thirty  miles 
from  Mobile  and  three  miles  from  the  Alabama  River. 

Reported  by  Charles  Mohr,  in  Smithsonian  Report,  1881,  p. 
619. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  51 

Shell-banks  on  the  north  side  of  Dauphine  Island  at  the 
landing,  over  grown  with  cedars.  From  here  was  obtained 
by  burning,  much  of  the  lime  for  building  Fort  Morgan  and 
Games'. 

Nannahubba  Bluff  was  an  Indian  burying-ground,  and 
there  and  in  what  is  now  a  cotton  field,  near  the  county  line 
have  been  found  many  arrow-points  and  other  Indian  re 
mains. 

Shell-mounds  at  Shell  Beach  on  Fowl  River  about  a  mile 
south  of  the  country  bridge  to  Mon  Louis  Island. 
Reported1  by  Peter  J.  Hamilton,  Mobile,  Ala. 

Piles  of  human  bones  gave  the  first  name  of  Massacre  Is 
land  to  what  is  now  known  as  Dauphine ;  but  they  cannot  now 
be   identified.      This    was'   at   the    S.    W.    extremity,   which   is 
much  exposed  to  storms  and  has  probably  been  washed  away. 
In  Hamilton's  Colonial  Mobile,  p.  30. 

Mound  at  Twenty-One-Mile  Bluff,  Mobile  River,  about 
three  hundred  yards  west  of  the  landing. 

Shell-banks  and  Indian  remains  in  the  county,  passim. 

In   Hamilton's   Colonial  Mobile,   pp.   92.   152,   384,   715,    6,    340. 

Mound  near  Twenty-Four-Mile  Bend,  Mobile  River,  about 
three-quarters  of  a  mile  in  a  westerly  direction  from  the  land 
ing- 
Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1899,  vol.  xi,  p.  291. 

Certain  aboriginal  remains,  Mobile  Bay. 
Mound  near  Coden  Bayou. 
Mound  near  Bayou  la  Batre. 
Shell-deposit  on  Dauphine  Island. 

IUa.  1905,  vol.  xiii,  pp.  279-296. 

Mound  at  Nannahubba  Bluff,  located  on  the  Tombigbee 
about  two  hundred  and  fifty  yards'  west  of  the  river,  and  about 
two  and  a  half  miles  east  of  Calvert.  It  is  circular,  about  40 
feet  in  diameter  at  the  base,  and  about  12  feet  high.  Not 
known  to  have  been  explored. 

Reported  by  Prof.  Henry  S.  Halbert,  Montgomery,  from  con 
versations  with  W.  A.  J.  Holmes,  Creola,  Ala. 

MONROE. 

Mound  about  one-half  mile  from  the  mouth  of  Little  River. 
on  the  left  hand  side  going  up,  in  which  human  bones,  pot 
tery,  shells,  etc.,  have  been  found. 

Mound  about  one  mile  in  a  southerlv  direction  from  Pott's 
landing,  Alabama  River. 


52  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

Cemetery  at  Nancy  Harris  landing,  Alabama  River. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1899,  vol.  xi,  pp.  291-296;  fig 
ures. 

MONTGOMEBY. 

Group  of  five  mounds,  nine  miles  southwest  of  Montgom 
ery,  on  the  bank  of  the  Alabama  River. 

In  Twelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,  1890-91,  pp. 
289-290. 

Four  mounds  on  the  Charlotte  Thompson  place,  about  six 
miles  below  Montgomery  on  the  left  side  of  the  Alabama 
River. 

Mound  on  the  Rogers'  place,  Alabama  River,  about  one 
mile  east  from  the  Charlotte  Thompson  mounds. 

Two  mounds  in  Thirty-Acre  Field,  Alabama  River,  about 
one  mile  below  the  junction  of  the  Coosa  and  Tallapoosa 
Rivers. 

Mound  on  Big  Eddy,  Alabama  River,  about  one-half  mile 
southwesterly  from  mound  in  Thirty-Acre  Field. 

All  described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  of  Natural 
Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1899  vol.  xi,  pp.  319-346;  figures. 

Two  mounds  originally  on  Alabama  River  "just  below  and 
adjoining  Montgomery,"  but  now  removed. 

In  Blue's  History  of  Montgomery   (1878),  p.  4. 
See  also   reference  to  by  Dr.  W.   S.  Wyman   in   Transactions 
Alabama  Historical  Society,  1897-98,  vol.  ii,  p.  31. 

Old  Augusta  mound. 

Referred  to  by  Dr.  W.  S.  Wyman  in  Transactions  Alabama 
Historical  Society,  1897-1898,  vol.  ii,  p.  30;  note. 

Mound  on  the  plantation  of  Robert  Woolfolk,  on  the  Wire 
road,  about  eight  miles'  from  Montgomery.     Located  one  mile 
north   of   the   road   on   a   small  branch,   tributary  to   Catoma 
Creek.     A  few  surface  finds  have  been  picked  up  here. 
Reported   by   Peter   A.   Brannon,   Montgomery. 

Large  elliptical  mound  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Tallapoosa 
River,  on  the  plantation  of  Mrs.  Fanny  Dreyspring,  known  as 
the  Goodwin  place.  Located  about  one  mile  by  river  below 
the  site  of  old  Augusta  town,  about  three-fourths  of  a  mile 
from  the  Ware's  ferry  road,  and  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet 
from  the  river  bank.  It  is  now  covered  by  very  large  trees. 
No  exploration  has  been  attempted,  except  for  several  trial 
holes  appear  to  have  been  sunk  in  the  top.  The  mound  is 
domiciliary,  and  a  town  site  lies  to  the  east  and  northeast.  It 
is  47l/>  by  87^  feet  on  the  top,  150^  feet  long  at  the  base 
and  123  ft.  through  center  at  bas'e,  and  20  feet  high,  and  is  one 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  53 

of  the  largest  in  this  section.  The  perfectly  oval  outline  is  still 
noticeable.  A  well  defined  pathway  leading  from  the  mound  to 
a  spring  under  the  bluff  of  the  river  is  still  to  be  seen. 

Two  mounds,  one  large  domiciliary,  and  one  small  burial 
(now  almost  obliterated),  immediately  in  the  fork  of  the 
Ware's  ferry  and  the  Mount  Meigs  Station  road,  and  one-half 
mile  from  the  site  of  Old  Augusta  town  on  the  Tallapoosa 
River.  No  exploration  work  has  been  done  here,  though  some 
finds  have  been  made  in  the  smaller  mound,  which  is  now  cov 
ered  by  a  cattle  enclosure.  On  the  larger  mound  is  a  three- 
room  negro  cabin,  and  a  garden.  While  not  as  high  as  the 
Goodwin  mound,  it  is  equally  as  large  and  is  rectangular  in 
shape.  It  is  of  the  domiciliary  class,  and  is  flat  on  top. 
Reported  by  Peter  A.  Brannon,  Montgomery. 

Large  town  site  and  burial-mound,  one  half  mile  in  the  rear 
of  the  negro  quarters  on  the  road,  to  Scott  Station,  through 
the  old  Cowles  place,  now  owned  by  Mrs.  Fanny  Dreyspring. 
"Located  immediately  on  the  bank  of  the  Tallapoosa  River, 
at  a  slight  bend  known  as  Cowles  Bend.  Mr.  Brannon  in 
describing  them  says :  "More  evidences  of  aboriginal  occu 
pancy  are  to  be  found  here  than  at  any  other  point  I  ever 
visited." 

Reported  by  Mr.  Brannon. 

Small  mound  on  south  side  Catoma  Creek,  fifty  yards 
above  Atlantic  Coast  Line  Railroad  bridge. 

Two  small  mounds  in  cane-brake,  one-half  mile  above 
Thirty-Acre  mound. 

Mound  in  woods,  one  mile  above  Thirty-Acre  mound. 

Mound  in  swamp  on  Parker's  Island,  or  Parker's  Bend,  one 
mile  from  junction  of  Coosa  and  Tallapoosa  Rivers. 

Mound  on  west  side  lower  Wetumpka  road  on  County  Pris 
on  No.  4  farm,  one  quarter  mile  south  of  Hughes''  ferry 
on  Tallapoosa  River. 

Extensive  workship  site  on  Prison  Farm  No.  4,  one-eighth 
mile  west  of  above  mound. 

Two  mounds  on  east  side  lower  Wetumpka  road  on  the 
farm  of  Prison  No.  4,  one-half  mile  south  of  Hughes'  ferry 
on  Tallapoosa  River. 

Mound  on  south  side  Tallapoosa  River  one  and  a  half  miles 
above  Hughes'  ferry. 

Mound  in  field  fifty  yards  west  of  lower  Wetumpka  road, 
opposite  County  Prison  No.  4. 

Mound  two  miles  south  of  Hope  Hull,  Ala.,  on  W'ads'den 
road. 

All  reported  by  Buckner  Beasley,  treasurer,  Alabama  Anthro 
pological  Society,  Montgomery. 


54  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

Mound  and  village  site  on  west  side  Jackson's  ferry  road, 
one  mile  south  of  Jackson's  ferry. 

Mound  on  east  side  Jackson's  ferry  road,  one  mile  south  of 
ferry,  fifty  yards  from  road. 

Mound  on  East  side  Jackson's  ferry  road,  one  quarter  mile 
from  ferry,  fifty  yards  from  road. 

Reported  by  Buckner  Beasley,   Sam  Englehardt  and  John  E. 
Scott,  Montgomery. 

PICKENS. 

Mound  at  Carrollton. 

Reported  by  Thomas  M.  Owen,  Montgomery. 
Mounds   near   Goose   Pond,   in   a    swamp,   about   one   mile 
westerly  from  McFatton  landing  on  the  Tombigbee  River. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1901,  vol.  xi,  p.  503. 

Seven  mounds  near  the  confluence  of  Blubber  Creek  and  the 
Tombigbee  River. 

lUd.  p.   504;   plan. 

Mound  one  half  mile  easterly  from  Summerville  landing. 
Domiciliary. 

lUd.  p.  505. 

Mound  at  Windham  landing  on  property  of  W.  B.  Peebles. 
lUa.  p.  505. 

PIKE. 

Large  red  clay  mound  on  Indian  Creek  at  the  junction  of 
a  small  creek  with  that  stream,  one  half  mile  below  the  point 
where  the  Troy  and  Orion  public  road  crosses  Indian  Creek. 
Located  on  the  plantation  of  Fox  Henderson,  of  Troy.  No 
scientific  exploration.  Some  beads  and  a  pot  found  there  some 
years  ago.  Visited  by  Dr.  Hamilton  Weedon  and  Peter  A. 
Brannon,  1907. 

Small  village  site,  immediately  east  of  the  mound. 
Reported  by  Peter  A.  Brannon,  Montgomery. 

Three  mounds  on  Indian  Creek  twelve  miles  west  of  Troy, 
above  the  Troy  and  Orion  road,  on  the  plantation  of  W.  A.  J. 
Mills,  of  Pike  County,  Ala.     No  exploration. 
Reported  by  Mr.  Brannon. 

Four  mounds  (now  destroyed  by  exploration  and  cultiva 
tion),  located  on  plantation  of  John  Green,  nine  miles  north 
west  of  Troy,  on  Beeman's  Creek.  A  fine  perforated  axe,  a 
large  double-edge  chisel,  with  perforation  for  handle,  and  sev 
eral  large  grey  stone  single  edge  chisels,  have  been  found  here. 
Reported  by  Mr.  Brannon. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  55 

RANDOLPH. 

Prehistoric  antiquities.  About  seven  miles  northeast  of 
Wedowee,  on  land  owned  by  Mr.  G.  O.  Hill,  and  about  half 
a  mile  southwest  of  his  former  residence,  is  a  circular  struc 
ture,  about  an  acre  in  area.  It  is  made  of  stones,  and  is  about 
2  or  3  feet  high,  having  two  entrances,  one  on  the  east  and 
the  other  on  the  west.  Running  from  the  structure  to  the 
northeast,  is  a  series  of  stone  piles,  2  or  3  feet  high,  and  about 
a  hundred  yards',  more  or  less,  apart.  These  stone  piles  making 
a  straight  line,  have  been  traced  a  mile,  running  to  the  north 
east.  Another  series,  likewise  runs  from  the  circular  stone 
structure  to  the  southwest. 

Reported  by  Prof.  H,  S.  Halbert  from  information  given  by 
Mr.  J.  M.  Boggs,  of  Delta,  Randolph  County,  who  described  them 
as  they  existed  in  1878  in  a  primeval  forest.  Whether  the 
lands  are  now  in  cultivation  he  does  not  know. 

RUSSELL. 

Mound  and  cemetery  at  Abercrombie  landing,  on  Chatta- 
hoochee  River.  Located  about  fifty  yards  from  the  river  bank, 
and  on  property  of  Mrs.  Mary  D.  Hall,  of  Atlanta,  Ga. 

Explored  and  described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1907,  vol.  xiii,  pp. 
449-450. 

Three  mounds  just  off  the  public  road  from  Uchee  post-of 
fice  to  Hatchechubbee,  on  the  plantation  of  Mrs.  Albion  Hixon 
of  the  latter  place.  These  are  probably  domiciliary,  as  num 
bers  of  surface  finds  have  been  recovered  in  the  immediate 
vicinity,  and  on  the  south  bank  of  the  Uchee  Creek  nearby.  A 
very  fine  white  quartz  discoidal  stone,  6  inches  in  diameter, 
half  a  dozen  large  calumet  pipes,  several  large  chisels,  and 
numbers  of  very  fine  flint  arrow-points  and  spear-heads  have 
been  found  here. 

Reported  by  Peter  A.  Brannon,  Montgomery. 

SHELBY. 

Stone  heap  about  one  mile  east  of  Siluria,  on  the  South  and 
North  Alabama  Railroad  (L.  &  N.),  in  T.  21  S.,  R.  3  W. 

Noted  by  William  Gesner,  in  Smithsonian  Report,  1881   p.  617. 
SUMTEB. 

The  "Cedar  Hammock  Group,"  situated  on  Sec.  5,  T.  17  N. 
R.  1  E.,  consisting  of  some  small  mounds. 

InTwelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,  1890-91,  p. 
286. 

Mound  about  one  half  mile  southeast  of  Hilman's  landing, 
Tombigbee  River. 


56  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1901,  vol.  xi,  p.  505. 

Three  mounds  one  and  a  half  miles  southwest  of  Simmons' 
landing,  Tombigbee  River. 

Ibid.  pp.  508-509. 

Number  of  mounds  on  Cedar  Ridge  near  West  Pace's1  land 
ing,  Tombigbee  River. 

Ibid.  p.  509. 

Mound  near  Moscow,  about  one  mile  westerly  from  the 
landing  on  the  Tombigbee  River. 

Ibid.    pp.    509-510. 

Mound  near  confluence  of  the  Sukenatcha  River  with  the 
Tombigbee  River. 

Ibid.  pp.  510-511. 

Mound  at  Bryan's  barn  one  half  mile  W.  N.  W.  from  the 
landing  on  the  Tombigbee  River. 

Ibid.  p.  511. 

Ancient  earthworks.  About  a  mile  southeasterly  of  the 
mouth  of  Quilby  Creek  are  the  remains  of  a  circular  embank 
ment,  about  100  yards  in  diameter,  with  a  ditch  on  the  outside. 
About  sixty  feet  northwest  of  this  enclosure  is  a  mound,  and 
about  thirty  feet  to  the  northeast  an  everflowing  spring.  In 
1833,  the  embankment  was  about  6  feet  high,  with  large  forest 
trees  growing  on  it.  The  mound  then  about  8  feet  high. 

This  description  of  these  ancient  works  was  given  to  H.  S. 
Halbert,  in  1900,  by  the  late  Captain  James  M.  Winston,  of 
Sumter  county. 

TALLADEGA. 

Old  Creek  settlement  on  the  bank  of  Talladega  Creek,  four 
miles  southeast  of  Talladega,  at  Cragsdale,  at  which  bones, 
shell  ornaments  and  pottery  have  been  found. 

In   Twelfth  Annual  Report  Bureau  of  Ethnology,   1890-91,  p. 
290. 
Mounds  and  Indian  cemetery  in  the  vicinity  of  Talladega. 

Reported  by  John  P.  Rogan  and  Dr.  E.  Palmer. 
Ancient  mica  quarry  in  Sec.  12,  T.  20  S.,  R.  6  E. 

Noted  by  William  Gesner,  in  Smithsonian  Report,  1879,  pp. 
382,  443. 

Workshops  in  T.  18  S..,  R.  7  E.,  on  the  headwaters  of  Talla 
dega  Creek,  at  the  eastern  end  of  Cedar  Ridge. 

Ibid.  1881,  p.   617. 

A  group  of  mounds  "orderly  arranged,"  fifteen  miles'  south 
west  of  Oxford,  on  south  bank  of  Choccoloco  Creek. 

Noted  by  Elston  Lutrell,  in  Smithsonian  Report,  1882.  p.  827. 


ALABAMA   ANTHROPOLOGICAL    SOCIETY.  57 

A  shell  bed  at  Fort  Williams  on  the  Coosa  River,  Sec  6  or 
7,  T.  22  S.,  R.  2  E. 

Mentioned  in  Michael  Tuomey's  Second  Biennial  Report  on  the 
Geology  of  Alabama  (1858),  p.  157. 

Indian  village  on  Tallasahatchie  creek,  bordering  on  the 
Sycamore  and  Childersburg  road,  and  thirteen  miles  south 
west  of  Talladega. 

In  Transactions  Alabama  Historical  Society,  1899-1900  vol. 
iv.  pp.  237-41. 

TALLAPOOSA. 

Aboriginal  soapstone  quarry,  not  definitely  located. 

Mentioned  by  Charles  Mohr,  in  Smithsonian  Report.  1881,  pp 
617-618. 

In  the  Alabama  State  Department  of  Archives  and  History, 
Montgomery,  is  one  of  the  largest  known  Indian  mortars.  It 
is  of  soapstone,  and  came  from  Tallapoosa  county. 

TUSCALOOSA. 

Mounds,  Indian  remains,  the  "Alabama  Stone." 

In  Thomas  Maxwell's     Tuscaloosa,     Alabama  Historical     So 
ciety,  1876,  passim.     Figures. 

Indian  graves  on  H.  Wynn's  plantation. 

In  Transactions  Alabama  Historical  Society,  1899-1900  vol. 
iv.,  pp.  236-237. 

Indian  camps  on  the  Warrior  River. 

Mentioned  in  Transactions  Alabama  Historical  Society,  1850- 
1897,  vol.  i. 

Old  fortification  in  Tuscaloosa  County. 

Described  by  R.  S.  Owen,  in  Transactions  Alabama  Historical 
Society,  1899-1900,  vol.  iv.,  p.  237. 

Mound  near  Gray's  landing,  Warrior  River. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1905,  vol.  xiii,  p.  127. 

Mound  near  McCowan's  Bluff,  Warrior  River. 
Ibid.  p.  243. 

Mound  near  R.  H.  Foster  landing,  Warrior  River. 
Ibid. 

Mound  near  Jones'  ferry  landing,  Warrior  River. 
Ibid. 

Mound  near  Hill's'  gin  landing,  Warrior  River. 
Ibid. 

Cemetery  above  and  below  Foster's  ferry  land  bridge. 
Ibid.  p.  244. 


58  HANDBOOK,   1910. 

WASHINGTON. 

Mounds  at  Three  Rivers  landing,  Tombigbee  River. 

Mound  near  Games'  landing. 

Mound  near  Bolan's  wood  yard. 

Mound  opposite  Peavey's  landing. 

Mound  near  Sinta  Bogue  Creek. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na 
tural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1905,  vol.  xiii,  pp.  248,  258,  262- 
263. 

WlLCOX. 

Mounds  near  Webb's  landing,  Alabama  River,  about  three- 
quarters  of  a  mile  in  a  northwesterly  direction. 

Mound  near  Buford's  landing,  Alabama  River,  fifteen  miles 
in  a  southerly  direction. 

Mound  on  Burford's  plantation,  on  right  bank  of  Alabama 
River,  one  half  mile  below  Holly  ferry. 

Four  mounds  near  Mathew's  landing  from  one  of  which 
twenty-three  burials  are  noted. 

Described  by  Clarence  B.  Moore,  in  Journal  Academy  of  Na- 
Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  1899,  vol.  xi,  pp.  296-302;  figures. 


INDEX. 


Academy   of   Natural    Sciences   of  I 

Philadelphia,   Collections  of,  17. 
Active  Members,  12. 
Alabama    Anthropological    Society. 

Collections  of,  18. 

Committees,   5,   7. 

Constitution,  5. 

Dues,  6. 

Executive  Committee,   5. 

Meetings,  6,  9,  10,  11. 

Members,  5,  10,   12. 

Name,    5,   9. 

.Objects,   5. 

Officers,  5,  7. 

Organization,    9. 

Papers  before,   10,   11. 
Alabama   Department  of  Archives 

and  History,   Collections  of,   18, 

19,  25,  35. 
Alabama      Polytechnic      Institute, 

Collections  of,   18. 
Amendments,  6. 

American  Museum  of  Natural  His 
tory.    Collections    of,    19. 
Associate  Members,  12. 
Andrews,   D.    M.,   7,   11. 

Sketch  of,  12. 

Aunspaugh,   Miss  Leila,  27. 
Autauga  County. 

Relics   from,   31. 


Baldwin   County. 

Mounds  in,  36. 

Relics  from,   17,   19,  27,  31. 
Barbour  County. 

Mounds  in,  38. 

Relics  from,  17,  32. 
Battle,   Herbert  B.,   7,  9,   11. 

Sketch   of,    13. 
Beasley,  Buckner,  7,  9,  11. 

Collections  of,  22. 

Mounds  reported  by,  43,  53,  54. 

Sketch  of,  13. 
Berlin,  A.   F.,   12. 
Blount  County. 

Mounds   in,  38. 

Relics    from,    31. 


Brame,   J.   Y.,   Jr.,   7,   11. 

Sketch    of,    13. 

Collections   of,    20. 
Brannon,  Peter  A.,  7,  9,  11,  44. 

Collections  of,  20. 

Mounds  reported  by,  41,  43,  4' 

52-55. 

Sketch  of,   14. 

Brown,    Prof.    R.    L.,    18. 
Bullock    County. 

Mounds  in,  39. 
Butler   County. 

Mounds  in,  39. 

Relics  from,  32. 


Calhoun  County. 

Mounds  in,   39. 
Chambers,    W.    J.,    Collections    of, 

23. 
Cherokee  County. 

Mounds  in,  39. 

Relics  from,  25,  31. 
Chilton  County. 

Mounds  in,  39. 
Choctaw  County. 

Mounds   in,  40. 

Relics  from,  32, 
Clarke  County. 

Mounds  in,   40. 

Relics  from,  28. 
Clay  County. 

Mounds  in,  40. 

Relics  from,  32. 
Coffee  County. 

Mounds  in,  40. 
Colbert  County. 

Mounds   in,  41. 

Relics   from,  31,   32. 
Collections    in    Alabama,    17. 
Collectors  in  Alabama,  17. 
Committees,  7,  10. 
Conecuh   County. 

Mounds  in,  41. 

Relics  from,  32. 

Constitution   of  the   Society,   5,   9. 
Coosa   County. 

Relics  from,  32. 


60 


INDEX. 


Counties    of   Alabama. 

Mounds    and    prehistoric    works 

in,  36. 

University    of    Alabama    collect 
ions  by  counties,  31-34. 
Covington   County. 

Mounds    in,   41. 
Crenshaw  County. 

Mounds  in,  41. 

Relics  from,  32. 
Cunningham,   K.   M.,  31. 

Dale  County. 

Mounds   in.    41. 
Dallas  County. 

Mounds  in,  42. 

Relics  from,  31,  32. 
Davenport  Academy  of  Sciences. 

Collections    of.    23,    41. 
Dingley,  Win.   H.,  24. 
Dreyspring,   Ernst.   12. 
Dues,   6. 

Ellsberry,  J.  A.,   12. 
Elmore  County. 

Mounds   in,    42. 

Relics  from,   24,   25,   31.   32. 
Englehardt,    Samuel   M.,   7,   11. 

Sketch   of,    14. 

Collections  of,   24. 

Mounds  reported  by,  54. 
Etowah   County. 

Relics  from,  28,  29,  32. 
Executive  Committee,  5. 

Fayette   County. 

Relics    from,    32. 
Fort   Jackson,   42. 
Fort  Toulouse,  42. 

Gaines.   A.    S.,  31. 

Grand  Lodge  of  Alabama,   Collec 
tions  of,   24. 

Gray,  Win.  H.,  Jr.,  Collections  of, 
24. 

Greene  County. 
Mounds    in,    43. 
Relics  from,   17. 

Greene,  Peter  A.,  21. 

Halbert.  Henry  S.,  7,  9,  10,  11. 

Mounds  reported  by,  38.  39,  41, 

42.  45,  49.   51,  55,  56. 

Sketch  of,  14. 
Hale  County. 

Mounds    in,    44. 

Relics  from,   17,  29,  30,  31. 
Hale,    H.    B.,    24. 


Hamilton,    Peter   J.,    12,    37,   51. 
Happer,  Mrs.  F.  H.,  27. 
Henry  County. 

Mounds  in,  45. 

Relics  from.  26. 
Holmes,  Dr.  Win.  H.,  12. 
Honorary  Members,  12. 
Horton,    E.    C.,    7,    9,    11. 

Sketch  of,  15. 

Mounds    reported    by,    43. 
Houston    County. 

Mounds    in,   45. 

Jackson  County. 

Mounds   in.  45. 
Jackson,    Young,    Collections     of, 

19,    25. 
Jefferson   County. 

Mounds  in,  46. 

Relics  from,   28,  31. 
Jones,   Charles  C.,  20,  25. 
Jones,    Charles    E.,    20. 

Collections  of,  25. 

Lauderdale   County. 

Mounds    in,   46. 

Relics   from,   23,   31. 
Lee  County. 

Mounds    in,    47. 

Relics  from.   21,   22. 
Letcher,  J.  T.,  7,  9,  11. 

Sketch  of,   15. 

Mounds  reported  by.  47-48. 
Lindsey,   Richard,   Collections  of, 

26. 
Lowndes    County. 

Mounds  in,  47. 

Relics  from,  21,  23. 
Lyon,    Prof.    Scott    C.,    12. 

McCaffrey,  George,  12. 
McCormack,    Carr,    12,    Collections 

of.  26. 

McCormick.  Dr.  J.  H.,  12. 
McNeel,  Allen  M.,  Collections  of, 

27. 
Macon   County. 

Mounds  in,  47. 
Madison    County. 

Mounds   in.   48. 

Relics  from,  31. 
Marengo  County. 

Mounds  in,  49. 

Relics  from,  33. 
Marion  County. 

Mounds  in,  49. 

Relics  from,  33. 


INDEX. 


61 


Marshall    County. 

Mounds    in,    49. 

Relics  from.  31, 
Mauvila,   40. 
Meetings,  6,   9,   10,   11. 
Members,  5,  10,   12. 

Active.   12. 

Associate,  12. 

Honorary,   12. 
Meyers,  Dr.  L.  F.,  Collections  of, 

28. 

Miller,   F.    W.,   Collections  of,   26. 
Mobile   County. 

Mounds    in,    50. 

Relics  from,  17,  18,  27,  33. 
Mobile  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  Collections  of, 

27,  37. 
Monroe  County. 

Mounds  in,  51. 
Mooney,   James,    12. 

Mounds   reported   by,   46. 
Montgomery    County. 

Mounds  in,   52. 

Relics   from,    17,    18,   20,   21,   22, 

23,  24.   27. 
Moore,    Clarence    B.,    12,    36,    37, 

40,  42,  44,  45,  49.  51,  52,  55,  56, 

57,    58. 
Moorehead,   Prof.   Warren  K.,   12, 

28. 
Morgan  County. 

Relics  from,  31. 

Mounds   in  Alabama,   36. 

Officers   of   tbe    Society,    5,    7,   9. 
Organization  of  the  Society,  9. 
Owen,  Thomas  M.,   7,  9,    10,   11. 

Sketch    of,    15. 

Collections  of,  28. 

Mounds  reported  by,  46,  54. 
Owen,  Thomas  M..  Jr.,  12. 

Papers  read,   10,   11. 
Parrish,   James    S., 

Sketch  of,  16. 
Patterson,   J.   H.,  9,   12. 
Phillips    Academy,    Collections    of, 

28. 
Pickens    County. 

Mounds    in,    54. 
Pike   County. 

Mounds    in,    54. 

Relics  from.   21. 

Prehistoric  Works  in  Alabama,  36. 
Putnam,    Dr.    F.    W.,    12. 


Randolph   County. 

Mounds  in,  55. 
Russell   County. 

Mounds   in,  55. 

Relics  from,   17,   18,  26. 

St.    Clair    County. 

Relics  from,  31,  33. 
Scott,  John  E.,  7,  11. 

Collections  of,   24. 

Mounds  reported  by,  54. 

Sketch  of,   16. 
Sheehan,  Will  T.,  9,  12. 
Shelby   County. 

Mounds   in,    55. 
Shellheaps    and    Shellbanks,    27, 

36-37. 

Shulein.   Sidney.  9,   12. 
Sketches    of    Members,    12-16. 
Skinner,  Alanson,  19. 
Smith,   Dr.   E.   A.,   12,   31. 

Mounds    reported    by,    39,    43. 
Smith.    Herbert   A.,   31. 
Street,    Oliver   D.,    12.   49-50. 
Sumter   County. 

Mounds  in,  55. 
Swanton,    John    R.,    12. 

Talladega    County. 

Mounds  in,  56. 

Relics  from,  31. 
Tallapoosa   County. 

Mounds  in,  57. 

Relics  from,   31,  33. 
Tappey,    Rev.    Francis,    12. 

Collections  of.  29. 
Teague.    Robert    S.,    12. 
Thruston.    Gen.    G.    P.,    12. 

Collections    of,    29. 
Topics    discussed,    10,    11. 
Tuscaloosa    County. 

Mounds  in,  57. 

Relics    from.    17,    33. 

Yamlerbilt    University,    29. 

Walker   County. 
Relics  from,  18. 

Washington    County. 
Mounds    in,    58. 
Relics  from,  34. 

Weeden,  Dr.  H.  M.,  Collections  of, 
34. 

Whelpley,    Dr.    H.    M.,    12,    Col 
lections  of,   35. 


62 


INDEX. 


Wilcox   County. 
Mounds   in,   58. 
Relics   from,    31 


34. 


Williams,  John  C.,   Collections  of, 
35. 


Winston  County. 

Relics  from,  31. 
Wyrnan,    Dr.    William 


S.,    12. 


9C9074 


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